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Positive und negative Koordination in Verhandlungssystemen

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  • Scharpf, Fritz W.

Abstract

Eines der zentralen Probleme freiwilliger Kooperation ist der Konflikt um die Aufteilung des potentiellen Kooperationsgewinns. Solche Schwierigkeiten treten bei vertikaler Integration nicht auf. Horizontale Politikverflechtung könnte daher als zweitbeste Lösung gegenüber der Zuweisung grenzüberschreitender Probleme an eine nächsthöhere Ebene oder gegenüber der Bildung größerer Einheiten erscheinen. Ob dies so ist, hängt aber davon ab, welche Art von bargaining stattfindet. Je nach den einbettenden Normen kann es unmittelbar um Gewinnanteile stattfinden (klassisches "Aufteilungsspiel") oder es kann der Rechtfertigung von Ansprüchen dienen ("Anrechtsspiel"). Kriterium der Fairness im letzteren Fall ist nicht Verhandlungsmacht, sondern equity, der Konflikt findet nicht um die Aufteilungsnorm, sondern um Subsumptionen statt. Kontinuierliche Kollaboration ist eine Situation, in der eher Anrechtsspiele als pure Aufteilungsspiele gespielt werden. Da in der speziellen Konstellation "Föderalismus" überdies die Bedingungen der Bewältigung der hier zu erwartenden Subsumptionskonflikte günstig sind und auch institutionell unterstützt werden können, erscheint horizontale Politikverflechtung nicht notwendig als eine zweitbeste Alternative zu hierarchischer Integration: Letztere ist zwar nicht mit Aushandlungsproblemen behaftet, dafür aber auch nicht unmittelbar imstande, equity-Probleme zu bearbeiten. Je nach dem Gewicht des einen oder des anderen Kriteriums für die Akteure erscheint daher die eine oder die andere Institutionalisierung als plausibel.

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  • Scharpf, Fritz W., 1993. "Positive und negative Koordination in Verhandlungssystemen," MPIfG Discussion Paper 93/1, Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:mpifgd:931
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    3. Manow, Philip, 1994. "Strukturinduzierte Politikgleichgewichte: Das Gesundheitsstrukturgesetz (GSG) und seine Vorgänger," MPIfG Discussion Paper 94/5, Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies.
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    7. Thomas Risse‐kappen, 1996. "Exploring the Nature of the Beast: International Relations Theory and Comparative Policy Analysis Meet the European Union," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 34(1), pages 53-80, March.
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    12. Elsasser, Peter, 2002. "Rules for participation and negotiation and their possible influence on the content of a National Forest Programme," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 4(4), pages 291-300, December.
    13. Gluck, Peter & Humphreys, David, 2002. "Research into National Forest Programmes in a European context," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 4(4), pages 253-258, December.
    14. Vetterlein, Antje, 2000. "Verhandelbarkeit von Arbeitszeitverkürzung: Zum Versuch neokorporatistischer Beschäftigungssteuerung im Bündnis für Arbeit," Papers, Research Network Project "Work and Ecology" P 00-517, WZB Berlin Social Science Center.
    15. Dienel, Hans-Liudger & Geissel, Brigitte & Krüger, Sabine & Walk, Heike, 2001. "Politische Regulierungsformen, Government, Governance und Netzwerkstrukturen auf der globalen, europäischen und nationalen Ebene: Überblicksstudie," Arbeitspapiere 47, Hans-Böckler-Stiftung, Düsseldorf.
    16. Wegener, Torsten, 2000. "Institutionelle Aspekte der Regionalisierung von Wirtschafts- und Strukturpolitik," Discussion Papers 3, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Chair of Labour and Regional Economics.
    17. Bahn, Christopher, 2002. "Die Bedeutung der lokalen Regulationssysteme in Berlin für den Strukturwandel im Einzelhandel: Ein Untersuchungsdesign," Discussion Papers, Research Unit: Organization and Employment FS I 02-103, WZB Berlin Social Science Center.
    18. Kern, Kristine, 2000. "Institutionelle Arrangements und Formen der Handlungskoordination im Mehrebenensystem der USA," Discussion Papers, Research Unit: Standard-setting and Environment FS II 00-301, WZB Berlin Social Science Center.
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    20. Fürst, Dietrich, 2014. "Kann die Regionalplanung die Raumplanung retten?," Arbeitsberichte der ARL: Aufsätze, in: Küpper, Patrick & Levin-Keitel, Meike & Maus, Friederike & Müller, Peter & Reimann, Sara & Sonderman (ed.), Raumentwicklung 3.0 - Gemeinsam die Zukunft der räumlichen Planung gestalten, volume 8, pages 50-61, ARL – Akademie für Raumentwicklung in der Leibniz-Gemeinschaft.
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    22. Michael Arndt & Thomas Gawron & Petra Jahnke, 2000. "Regional Policy through Co-operation: From Urban Forum to Urban Network," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 37(11), pages 1903-1923, October.

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