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Rethinking Policy Evaluation – Do Simple Neural Nets Bear Comparison with Synthetic Control Method?

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  • Steinkraus, Arne

Abstract

With the advent of big data in economics machine learning algorithms become more and more appealing to economists. Despite some attempts of establishing artificial neural networks in in the early 1990s, only little is known about their ability of estimating causal effects in policy evaluation. We employ a simple forecasting neural network to analyze the effect of the construction of the Oresund bridge on the local economy. The outcome is compared to the causal effect estimated by the proven Synthetic Control Method. Our results suggest that – especially in so-called prediction policy problems – neural nets may outperform traditional approaches.

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  • Steinkraus, Arne, 2018. "Rethinking Policy Evaluation – Do Simple Neural Nets Bear Comparison with Synthetic Control Method?," EconStor Preprints 177390, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:esprep:177390
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Artificial Neural Nets; Machine Learning; Synthetic Control Method; Policy Evaluation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C45 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics - - - Neural Networks and Related Topics
    • O18 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Urban, Rural, Regional, and Transportation Analysis; Housing; Infrastructure

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