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On adjusting the one-sided Hodrick-Prescott filter

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  • Wolf, Elias
  • Mokinski, Frieder
  • Schüler, Yves

Abstract

We show that one should not use the one-sided Hodrick-Prescott filter (HP-1s) as the real-time version of the two-sided Hodrick-Prescott filter (HP-2s): First, in terms of the extracted cyclical component, HP-1s fails to remove low-frequency fluctuations to the same extent as HP-2s. Second, HP-1s dampens fluctuations at all frequencies - even those it is meant to extract. As a remedy, we propose two small adjustments to HP-1s, aligning its properties closely with HP-2s: (1) a lower value for the smoothing parameter and (2) a multiplicative rescaling of the extracted cyclical component. For example, for HP-2s with = 1,600 (value of smoothing parameter), the adjusted one-sided HP filter uses = 650 and rescales the extracted cyclical component by a factor of 1:1513. Using simulated and empirical data, we illustrate the relevance of the adjustments. For instance, financial cycles may appear 1.7 times more volatile than business cycles, where in fact volatilities differ only marginally.

Suggested Citation

  • Wolf, Elias & Mokinski, Frieder & Schüler, Yves, 2020. "On adjusting the one-sided Hodrick-Prescott filter," Discussion Papers 11/2020, Deutsche Bundesbank.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:bubdps:112020
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    Cited by:

    1. Josefine Quast & Maik H. Wolters, 2022. "Reliable Real-Time Output Gap Estimates Based on a Modified Hamilton Filter," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 40(1), pages 152-168, January.
    2. Hartwig, Benny & Meinerding, Christoph & Schüler, Yves S., 2021. "Identifying indicators of systemic risk," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 132(C).
    3. Schüler, Yves S., 2020. "On the credit-to-GDP gap and spurious medium-term cycles," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    4. Coussin, Maximilien, 2022. "Singular spectrum analysis for real-time financial cycles measurement," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Real-time analysis; detrending; business cycles; financial cycles;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C10 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - General
    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles
    • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies
    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises

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