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Exploring the linkages between poverty, marine protected area management, and the use of destructive fishing gear in Tanzania

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  • Silva, Patricia

Abstract

Coastal resources in Tanzania have come under increasing pressure over the past three decades, which has led to a significant decline in the biodiversity and productivity of coastal ecosystems. The livelihoods of coastal communities that directly depend on these resources are consequently under increasing threat and vulnerability. Marine protected areas (MPAs) are one tool for managing coastal and marine resources that have been increasingly used in Tanzania. Promotion of alternative income generating activities (AIGAs) is often a component of MPA management strategies to reduce fishing pressure and address poverty concerns. However, empirical evidence on whether these AIGAs are successful in reducing pressure on fisheries, or their impact on poverty, is scarce and inconclusive. This paper seeks to contribute to this debate byinvestigating the linkages between household characteristics, MPA activities, and household choice of fishing gear. The empirical analysis is based on household survey data from a sample of villages located along the coast of mainland Tanzania and Zanzibar. The author finds that some aspects of poverty increase the likelihood of using destructive fishing gear. MPAs do not directly affect household choice of fishing gear. However, households participating in AIGAs are less likely to use destructive fishing gear, suggesting that MPA support to these activities in Tanzania has a positive influence on household choice of fishing gear. The author also finds the use of destructive fishing gear is associated with higher consumption levels, whereas participation in AIGAs does not significantly affect household consumption levels.

Suggested Citation

  • Silva, Patricia, 2006. "Exploring the linkages between poverty, marine protected area management, and the use of destructive fishing gear in Tanzania," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3831, The World Bank.
  • Handle: RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:3831
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Javaid, Aneeque & Janssen, Marco A. & Reuter, Hauke & Schlüter, Achim, 2017. "When Patience Leads to Destruction: The Curious Case of Individual Time Preferences and the Adoption of Destructive Fishing Gears," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 91-103.
    2. Eliaza Mkuna & Lloyd Baiyegunhi & Wiktor Adamus, 2020. "Sustainable livelihood alternatives among Nile perch (Lates niloticus) fishers in Lake Victoria Tanzania: analytical hierarchy process (AHP) approach," Journal of Economic Structures, Springer;Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS), vol. 9(1), pages 1-18, December.
    3. Barr, Rhona F. & Mourato, Susana, 2014. "Investigating fishers' preferences for the design of marine Payments for Environmental Services schemes," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 91-103.
    4. Pécastaing, Nicolas & Salavarriga, Juan, 2022. "The potential impact of fishing in peruvian marine protected areas (MPAs) on artisanal fishery poverty during El Niño events," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 202(C).
    5. Luz Elba Torres-Guevara & Maria Claudia Lopez & Achim Schlüter, 2016. "Understanding Artisanal Fishers’ Behaviors: The Case of Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, Colombia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(6), pages 1-17, June.
    6. Torres-Guevara, Luz Elba & Schlüter, Achim, 2016. "External validity of artefactual field experiments: A study on cooperation, impatience and sustainability in an artisanal fishery in Colombia," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 187-201.
    7. Wehner, Nicholas & Bennett, Nathan & Dearden, Philip, 2014. "From measuring outcomes to providing inputs: Governance, management, and local development for more effective marine protected areas," MarXiv y9mfc, Center for Open Science.
    8. Takasaki, Yoshito, 2016. "Learning from disaster: community-based marine protected areas in Fiji," Environment and Development Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 21(1), pages 53-77, February.
    9. Bennett, Nathan James & Dearden, Philip, 2014. "From measuring outcomes to providing inputs: Governance, management, and local development for more effective marine protected areas," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 50(PA), pages 96-110.
    10. Robinson, Elizabeth J.Z. & Albers, Heidi J. & Kirama, Stephen L., 2012. "The Role of Incentives for Sustainable Implementation of Marine Protected Areas: An Example from Tanzania," RFF Working Paper Series dp-12-03-efd, Resources for the Future.
    11. Mwanjela, Geofrey & Lokina, Razack, 2016. "What does it take to be heard in managing marine protected areas? Insights from Tanzania coastal communities," African Journal of Economic Review, African Journal of Economic Review, vol. 4(1), January.
    12. Chen Wang & Guoqing Shi & Yongping Wei & Andrew William Western & Hang Zheng & Yan Zhao, 2017. "Balancing Rural Household Livelihood and Regional Ecological Footprint in Water Source Areas of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-20, August.
    13. Rhona Barr & Susana Mourato, 2012. "Investigating fishers� preferences for the design of marine Payments for Environmental Services schemes," GRI Working Papers 101, Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment.

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    Keywords

    Water Conservation; Environmental Economics&Policies; Fishing Industry; Wildlife Resources; Coastal and Marine Resources;
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