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Essays on the determinants of wage inequality

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  • Sophie Cetre

    (Département d'économie)

Abstract

Cette thèse examine les déterminants des inégalités salariales, du point de vue de l’économie comportementale. Le premier chapitre analyse les choix d’orientation des étudiants dans le supérieur. En fondant notre analyse sur le contenu de lettres de motivation, nous décrivons l’évolution de leurs préférences scolaires et la manière dont ils prennent en compte des informations relatives à leurs capacités dans différentes matières. Le deuxième chapitre décrit les résultats d'une expérience étudiant les préférences en matière d’attribution des revenus. Nous montrons que, derrière le voile d’ignorance, les individus favorisent largement des inégalités plus importantes lorsqu’elles sont aussi plus efficaces. Mais lorsque ces inégalités apparaissent concrètement, un quart des sujets préfère réduire le montant attribué aux plus riches, même si cela n'améliore la situation de personne. Le troisième chapitre étudie la manière dont les préférences distributives des managers affectent la répartition des salaires, en se fondant sur des données d’enquête et une expérience. Nous montrons que les managers ont des préférences distributives normatives et sont prêts à payer pour les mettre en œuvre. Le quatrième chapitre analyse les résultats d'une expérience en ligne sur la discrimination ethnique aux États-Unis et en Allemagne. Nous comparons les caractéristiques du favoritisme ethnique au sein de chaque pays. Nous montrons que divulguer des informations sur la réussite économique des minorités ethniques permet de réduire le comportement discriminatoire de la majorité ethnique. Cependant, ces informations peuvent accroître la méfiance entre deux personnes issues de la même minorité.

Suggested Citation

  • Sophie Cetre, 2020. "Essays on the determinants of wage inequality," Sciences Po publications info:hdl:2441/53c4o1e509l, Sciences Po.
  • Handle: RePEc:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/53c4o1e509lcr61ob4ntirirm
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