Cet article tente de montrer que, contrairement à l'analyse néoclassique de la coopérative de travailleurs (ou entreprise autogérée), le comportement de cette dernière ne peut être appréhendé non pas à partir de la seule dimension économique, mais à partir de l'évolution du triptyque "acteurs- activités- règles" défini par C. Vienney [1980-82 ; 1994], complété et repris par les travaux de J.Y. Manoa [2001]. Les apports de l'école des conventions viennent également compléter les travaux précédents. Pour C. Vienney [1980-82 ; 1994] et J.Y. Manoa [2001], la coopérative de travailleurs est formée d'un groupement de personnes (GP) ayant mis en place et faisant fonctionner une entreprise. L'articulation des deux est assurée par des règles. Mais dans un environnement concurrentiel, GP est instable. Pour échapper à cette instabilité, GP doit créer ses propres mécanismes. Ces derniers, formels et informels, prennent alors la forme de codes, de règles et de conventions indispensables à une coordination et au maintien de la cohésion sociale. L'autogestion peut alors se définir comme une convention pour la coopérative de travailleurs. Dans ce cadre, l'autogestion (en tant que convention) est un ensemble d'éléments ou de critères (économiques, sociologiques, politiques, juridiques¼) sur lesquels les travailleurs vont ensemble s'appuyer pour poursuivre des buts communs. This article tries to show that, contrary to the neo-classic analysis of workers' cooperative (self-managed firm), the behavior of this last one cannot be dreaded not from the only economic dimension, but from the evolution of the triptych " actors-activities-rules " defined by C. Vienney [1980-82; 1994], completed and resumed by the works of J.Y. Manoa [2001]. The contributions of the school of the agreements also come to complete the previous works. For C. Vienney [1980-82; 1994] and J.Y. Manoa [2001], workers' cooperative is formed by a grouping of persons (GP) having set up and putting on a firm. The articulation both is insured by rules. But in a competitive environment, GP is unstable. To escape this instability, GP has to create its own mechanisms. These last ones, formal and informal, take then the shape of codes, rules and agreements indispensable to a coordination and in the preservation of the social cohesion. The self-management can then define itself as an agreement for workers' cooperative. In this frame, the self-management (as agreement) is a set of elements or of criteria (economic, sociological, political, legal) on which the workers are together going to lean to pursue common purposes.
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Paper provided by Laboratoire de Recherche sur l'Industrie et l'Innovation. ULCO / Research Unit on Industry and Innovation in its series Working Papers with number
138.
Length: 14pages Date of creation: Dec 2006 Date of revision: Publication status: Published in Cahiers du Lab.RII, Décembre 2006 Handle: RePEc:rii:riidoc:138
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