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Accounting for Chinese Trade: Some National and Regional Considerations

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K.C. Fung

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Abstract

China's trade has three features: high incidence of re-exports through Hong Kong, high degree of trade related to foreign investment, and large amount of `illegal' trade. Re-exports occur when imports to Hong Kong are consigned to a buyer in Hong Kong, who adds a markup, and exports the goods elsewhere without fundamentally changing the goods. Using U.S. data and accounting for re-exports, the U.S.-China trade balance has to be lowered by 35 percent. Foreign investments in China accounted for 45 percent of China's exports. Foreign investments include foreign direct investment (FDI) and foreign subcontracting. `Illegal' trade between China and Taiwan has been induced by Taiwan's `no direct trade' policy. Illegal trade such as smuggling and tariff evasion also affect China's trade with her other trading partners.

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Paper provided by National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc in its series NBER Working Papers with number 5595.

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Date of creation: May 1996
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Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:5595

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Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Robert E. Baldwin & Douglas Nelson, 1993. "The Political Economy of U.S.-Taiwanese Trade and Other International Economic Relations," NBER Chapters, in: Trade and Protectionism, NBER-EASE Volume 2, pages 307-337 National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!]
  2. Magnus Blomstrom & Irving B. Kravis & Robert E. Lipsey, 1988. "Multinational Firms and Manufactured Exports from Developing Countries," NBER Working Papers 2493, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  1. Robert C. Feenstra et al., 1999. "Discrepancies in International Data: An Application to China-Hong Kong Entrepot Trade," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 89(2), pages 338-343, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Robert C. Feenstra & Wen Hai & Wing T. Woo & Shunli Yao, 1998. "The US-China Bilateral Trade Balance: Its Size and Determinants," NBER Working Papers 6598, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  3. Robert C. Feenstra & Robert E. Lipsey & Harry P. Bowen, 1997. "World Trade Flows, 1970-1992, with Production and Tariff Data," NBER Working Papers 5910, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. John Fernald & Hali Edison & Prakash Loungani, 1998. "Was China the first domino? assessing links between China and the rest of emerging Asia," International Finance Discussion Papers 604, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.). [Downloadable!]
  5. Jeroen Hinloopen & Charles van Marrewijk, 2004. "Dynamics of Chinese Comparative Advantage," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 04-034/2, Tinbergen Institute. [Downloadable!]
  6. Xiaohui Liu & Chang Shu, 2001. "Determinants of Export Performance: Evidence from Chinese Industries," Macroeconomics Working Papers 213, East Asian Bureau of Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
  7. Xiaohui Liu & Chang Shu, 2003. "Determinants of Export Performance: Evidence from Chinese Industries," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 36(1), pages 45-67, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  8. Elissa Braunstein & Gerald Epstein, 2002. "Bargaining Power and Foreign Direct Investment in China: Can 1.3 Billion Consumers Tame the Multinationals?," SCEPA Working Papers 2002-13, Schwartz Center for Economic Policy Analysis (SCEPA), The New School. [Downloadable!]
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