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Wage Work for Women: The Menstrual Cycle and the Power of Water

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  • Maimaiti, Yasheng

    () (Xinjiang University)

  • Siebert, W. Stanley

    () (University of Birmingham)

Abstract

We hypothesise that women's participation in wage (off-farm) work is reduced when their greater water needs due to the menstrual cycle are not met because their household has poor access to water. For testing, we use the data from rural villages in China. Controlling for village fixed effects, poor access to water is found to decrease the probability of wage work participation of affected (pre-menopause) women by about 10 percentage points, a large effect. As expected, there is no adverse causal impact of poor household access to water for women post-menopause, or for men, ceteris paribus.

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Bibliographic Info

Paper provided by Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in its series IZA Discussion Papers with number 4776.

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Length: 22 pages
Date of creation: Feb 2010
Date of revision:
Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp4776

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Related research

Keywords: wage work; women; menopause; water engineering; rural development; China;

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  1. Jalan, Jyotsna & Ravallion, Martin, 2003. "Does piped water reduce diarrhea for children in rural India?," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 112(1), pages 153-173, January.
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  6. Emily Oster & Rebecca Thornton, 2009. "Menstruation and Education in Nepal," NBER Working Papers 14853, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
  7. Mangyo, Eiji, 2008. "The effect of water accessibility on child health in China," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 27(5), pages 1343-1356, September.
  8. Ichino, Andrea & Moretti, Enrico, 2006. "Biological Gender Differences, Absenteeism and the Earning Gap," IZA Discussion Papers 2207, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA).
  9. Sebastian Galiani & Martín González Rozada & Ernesto Schargrodsky, 2007. "Water Expansions in Shantytowns: Health and Savings," Research Department Publications 3234, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
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