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Acordo de Livre-Comércio Mercosul-União Européia : Uma Estimativa dos Impactos no Comércio Brasileiro

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  • Honório Kume
  • Pedro Miranda
  • Marta Reis Castilho

Abstract

Em maio de 2004, o Mercosul e a União Européia apresentaram ofertas de liberalizaçãocomercial recíproca com o objetivo de alcançar um acordo de livre-comércio. Estetrabalho se propõe a avaliar o impacto dessas ofertas sobre o comércio exterior brasileiro.Os resultados obtidos indicam uma exportação adicional de US$ 903 milhões, sendo42% decorrentes de vendas de etanol, cuja efetivação dependerá de mudanças na políticaambiental da União Européia, enquanto o aumento da importação atingiria US$ 1,3bilhão. A análise demonstra que, em relação a bens, a negociação envolve dois acordosdistintos: um de liberalização bastante abrangente para produtos industrializados e outrode uma liberalização bastante restrita para os produtos da agroindústria. Essedesequilíbrio seria, provavelmente, agravado se o setor de serviços tivesse sido incluídonessa avaliação. In May 2004, the Mercosur and the European Union made their last offers in theirnegotiations for trade liberalization aiming to reach a Free Trade Agreement in the nearfuture. In this paper the authors intend to evaluate the impacts of both offers on theBrazilian foreign trade. The estimated results indicate additional exports of US$ 903million, 42% of which consisting of sales of just one product: ethanol. Nevertheless, theincrease in ethanol exports depends on changes in demand provoked by theimplementation of a new environmental policy in the European Union. The additionalBrazilian imports were estimated in US$ 1,3 billion. The analysis shows that the ongoing negotiations on goods clearly involve two different agreements: one of anambitious liberalization for industrialized products and another of a quite restrictedliberalization for agricultural processed goods. The unbalanced results would probablyworsen if the service sector had been included in the analysis.

Suggested Citation

  • Honório Kume & Pedro Miranda & Marta Reis Castilho, 2004. "Acordo de Livre-Comércio Mercosul-União Européia : Uma Estimativa dos Impactos no Comércio Brasileiro," Discussion Papers 1054, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:1054
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bernard Hoekman & Francis Ng & Marcelo Olarreaga, 2002. "Eliminating Excessive Tariffs on Exports of Least Developed Countries," The World Bank Economic Review, World Bank, vol. 16(1), pages 1-21, June.
    2. Gallaway, Michael P. & McDaniel, Christine A. & Rivera, Sandra A., 2003. "Short-run and long-run industry-level estimates of U.S. Armington elasticities," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 49-68, March.
    3. Grilli,Enzo R., 1993. "The European Community and the Developing Countries," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521385114.
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    Cited by:

    1. Honório Kume & Guida Piani & Pedro Miranda, 2005. "Índia-Mercosul: Perspectivas de um Acordo de Preferências Comerciais," Discussion Papers 1120, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
    2. Marie Gabrielle Piketty & Lucie Weissleder & Hildo Meirelles De Souza Filho & Mário Otávio Batalha & Marcel Adenäuer & Arno Becker, 2009. "Assessing agricultural trade policies options with the European Union: a Brazilian perspective," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 40(4), pages 447-457, July.
    3. De Almeida, Eduardo Simoes & Guilhoto, Joaquim, 2006. "O Custo De Transporte Como Barreira Ao Comércio Na Integração Econômica: O Caso Do Nordeste," 44th Congress, July 23-27, 2006, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil 146589, Sociedade Brasileira de Economia, Administracao e Sociologia Rural (SOBER).

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    JEL classification:

    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations

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