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Tradable Services: Understanding the Scope and Impact of Services Outsourcing

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Author Info
J. Bradford Jensen () (Institute for International Economics)
Lori G. Kletzer () (University of California, Santa Cruz)

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Abstract

We develop a new empirical approach to identify tradable service activities. Contrary to conventional views of service activities as nontradable, we find a significant number of service industries and occupations that appear tradable and substantial employment in these tradable activities. Workers employed in tradable service activities differ from those employed in tradable manufacturing and nontradable services. Workers in tradable service activities have higher skill levels and are paid higher wages than manufacturing workers or workers in nontradable service activities. In general, we find little evidence that tradable service activities have lower employment growth than other service activities. However, evidence suggests lower employment growth at the lowest end of the skill distribution. There is also evidence of higher worker displacement rates in tradable services. Workers displaced from tradable service activities are different from displaced manufacturing workers: Displaced tradable service workers have higher skills and higher predisplacement earnings than displaced manufacturing workers.

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Paper provided by Peterson Institute for International Economics in its series Peterson Institute Working Paper Series with number WP05-9.

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Date of creation: Sep 2005
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Handle: RePEc:iie:wpaper:wp05-9

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Related research
Keywords: services; offshoring; trade; labor; information technology; jobs;

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
F16 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Labor Market Interactions
J44 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Particular Labor Markets - - - Professional Labor Markets and Occupations
R12 - Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity; Interregional Trade (economic geography)

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Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Amiti, Mary & Wei, Shang-Jin, 2004. "Fear of Outsourcing: Is It Justified?," CEPR Discussion Papers 4719, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Jagdish Bhagwati & Arvind Panagariya & T. N. Srinivasan, 2004. "The Muddles over Outsourcing," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 18(4), pages 93-114, Fall. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  3. Asish Arora & Alfonso Gambardella, 2004. "The Globalization of the Software Industry: Perspectives and Opportunities for Developed and Developing Countries," NBER Working Papers 10538, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  4. Paul A. Samuelson, 2004. "Where Ricardo and Mill Rebut and Confirm Arguments of Mainstream Economists Supporting Globalization," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 18(3), pages 135-146, Summer. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. Andrew B Bernard & J. Bradford Jensen & Peter K Schott, 2002. "Survival of the Best Fit: Competition from Low Wage Countries and the (Uneven) Growth of U.S. Manufacturing Plants," Working Papers 02-22, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau. [Downloadable!]
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  6. Kletzer, Lori G, 1998. "Job Displacement," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 12(1), pages 115-36, Winter. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  7. Glenn Ellison & Edward L. Glaeser, 1994. "Geographic Concentration in U.S. Manufacturing Industries: A Dartboard Approach," NBER Working Papers 4840, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  8. Ashok Bardhan & Cynthia Kroll, 2003. "The New Wave of Outsourcing," Fisher Center for Real Estate & Urban Economics, Research Reports 1025, Fisher Center for Real Estate & Urban Economics, UC Berkeley. [Downloadable!]
  9. Mary Amiti & Shang-Jin Wei, 2004. "Fear of Service Outsourcing: Is It Justified?," NBER Working Papers 10808, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  10. Glenn Ellison & Edward L. Glaeser, 1999. "The Geographic Concentration of Industry: Does Natural Advantage Explain Agglomeration?," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 89(2), pages 311-316, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  11. Duranton, Gilles & Henry G Overman, 2003. "Testing for Localisation Using Micro-Geographic Data," Royal Economic Society Annual Conference 2003 69, Royal Economic Society. [Downloadable!]
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Full references

Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Benoit A. Aubert & Suzanne Rivard & Mathieu Templier, 2009. "The Impact of Distance on Offshore Business Relationships," CIRANO Working Papers 2009s-05, CIRANO. [Downloadable!]
  2. N. Gregory Mankiw & Phillip Swagel, 2006. "The Politics and Economics of Offshore Outsourcing," NBER Working Papers 12398, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  3. Barry Eichengreen & Poonam Gupta, 2009. "The Two Waves of Service Sector Growth," NBER Working Papers 14968, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  4. Barry Eichengreen & Poonam Gupta, . "Two Waves of Service-Sector Growth," Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations, New Delhi Working Papers 235, Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations, New Delhi, India. [Downloadable!]
  5. Suparna Karmakar, 2008. "An Open Services Regime Recipe for Jobless Growth?," Working Papers id:1724, esocialsciences.com. [Downloadable!]
  6. Hoekman, Bernard & Mattoo, Aaditya, 2008. "Services trade and growth," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4461, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
  7. Bernard Hoekman, 2008. "The General Agreement on Trade in Services: Doomed to Fail? Does it Matter?," Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade, Springer, vol. 8(3), pages 295-318, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  8. Steven B. Kamin & Trevor A. Reeve & Nathan Sheets, 2007. "U.S. external adjustment: is it disorderly? Is it unique? Will it disrupt the rest of the world?," International Finance Discussion Papers 892, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.). [Downloadable!]
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  9. Alexander Vogel, 2009. "Exporter Performance in the German Business Services Sector: First Evidence from the Services Statistics Panel," Working Paper Series in Economics 111, University of Lüneburg, Institute of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  10. Irina Tytell & Florence Jaumotte, 2008. "How has the Globalization of Labor Affected the Labor Income Share in Advanced Countries?," IMF Working Papers 07/298, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
  11. Suparna Karmakar, 2008. "An Open Services Regime Recipe for Jobless Growth?," Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations, New Delhi Working Papers 210, Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations, New Delhi, India. [Downloadable!]
  12. Desiree van Welsum & Xavier Reif, 2006. "We Can Work It Out - The Globalisation of ICT-enabled Services," NBER Working Papers 12799, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
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