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Les déterminants de la croissance régionale et l’intégration Européenne : 1986-1995

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Author Info
Bernard Gauthier () (IEA, HEC Montréal)
Alain Lapointe () (IEA, HEC Montréal)
Frédéric Laurin
Abstract

Cet article évalue dans quelle mesure l’intégration économique européenne renforce ou atténue les différentiels de croissance entre les régions. En se basant sur les nouvelles théories du commerce international (Krugman et Helpman, 1985, Grossman et Helpman, 1990, 1991 et 1995, Krugman, 1991), de la « géographie économique » (Krugman et Venables, 1995, 1996), et de la croissance endogène (Romer, 1990, Lucas, 1988), cet article démontre que l’intensité des économies d’agglomération contribue à expliquer les variations du taux de croissance industriel au sein des régions NUTS2 de l’Union européenne entre 1986 et 1995. On observe qu’une structure diversifiée – i.e. non sur-spécialisée - et compétitive tend à stimuler la croissance de l’emploi régional. L’étude empirique révèle également la présence de forces d’agglomération alors que les industries semblent se concentrer au sein de « districts industriels ». On remarque tout de même un phénomène de convergence économique en faveur des régions à bas salaires ou moins développées.

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Paper provided by HEC Montréal, Institut d'économie appliquée in its series Cahiers de recherche with number 01-06.

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Length: 54 pages
Date of creation: Sep 2001
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Handle: RePEc:iea:carech:0106

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Postal: Institut d'économie appliquée HEC Montréal 3000, Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine Montréal, Québec H3T 2A7
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  7. Krugman, Paul, 1991. "Increasing Returns and Economic Geography," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 99(3), pages 483-99, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  10. Rivera-Batiz, Luis A & Romer, Paul M, 1991. "Economic Integration and Endogenous Growth," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT Press, vol. 106(2), pages 531-55, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  11. Gene M. Grossman & Elhanan Helpman, 1994. "Technology and Trade," NBER Working Papers 4926, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  12. Ethier, Wilfred, 1979. "Internationally decreasing costs and world trade," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 9(1), pages 1-24, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  13. Grossman, Gene M & Helpman, Elhanan, 1990. "Comparative Advantage and Long-run Growth," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 80(4), pages 796-815, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  14. Caballero, Ricardo J. & Lyons, Richard K., 1990. "Internal versus external economies in European industry," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 34(4), pages 805-826, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  16. Dixit, Avinash K & Stiglitz, Joseph E, 1977. "Monopolistic Competition and Optimum Product Diversity," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 67(3), pages 297-308, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  18. Lucas, Robert Jr., 1988. "On the mechanics of economic development," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 22(1), pages 3-42, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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