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Risk-Based Capital Requirements for Banks and International Trade

Author

Listed:
  • Banu Demir
  • Tomasz Kamil Michalski

    (GREGH - Groupement de Recherche et d'Etudes en Gestion à HEC - HEC Paris - Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Evren Ors

    (GREGH - Groupement de Recherche et d'Etudes en Gestion à HEC - HEC Paris - Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

We provide the first evidence that changes in risk-based capital requirements for banks affect the real economy through international trade. Using a natural experiment – mandatory Basel II adoption in its Standardized Approach by all banks in Turkey on July 1, 2012 – we investigate the impact of new risk-weights applied to commercial letters of credit (CLC) on that country's exports to 174 countries. We estimate the resulting payment-term-cost elasticity of CLC-financed trade to be between -0.5 and -1 while the overall trade elasticity to be between -0.032 and -0.179. Calculations suggest that both CLC-related bank pricing and rationing channels are involved.

Suggested Citation

  • Banu Demir & Tomasz Kamil Michalski & Evren Ors, 2014. "Risk-Based Capital Requirements for Banks and International Trade," Working Papers hal-02018542, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-02018542
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Josephson, Jens & Shapiro, Joel, 2020. "Credit ratings and structured finance," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 41(C).
    2. Matthieu Crozet & Banu Demir & Beata Javorcik, 2022. "International Trade and Letters of Credit: A Double-Edged Sword in Times of Crises," IMF Economic Review, Palgrave Macmillan;International Monetary Fund, vol. 70(2), pages 185-211, June.
    3. Andreas Hoefele & Tim Schmidt-Eisenlohr & Zhihong Yu, 2016. "Payment choice in international trade: Theory and evidence from cross-country firm-level data," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 49(1), pages 296-319, February.
    4. Fabrice Defever & Alejandro Riano & Gonzalo Varela, 2020. "Evaluating the impact of export finance support on firm-level export performance: Evidence from Pakistan," Discussion Papers 2020/05, University of Nottingham, Centre for Finance, Credit and Macroeconomics (CFCM).
    5. Gopalakrishnan, Balagopal & Jacob, Joshy & Mohapatra, Sanket, 2021. "Risk-sensitive Basel regulations and firms’ access to credit: Direct and indirect effects," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 126(C).
    6. Berthou, Antoine & Horny, Guillaume & Mésonnier, Jean-Stéphane, 2022. "The real effects of invoicing exports in dollars," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    7. Silvia Del Prete & Stefano Federico, 2020. "Do links between banks matter for bilateral trade? Evidence from financial crises," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 156(4), pages 859-885, November.
    8. Borchert, Lea & de Haas, Ralph & Kirschenmann, Karolin & Schultz, Alison, 2023. "Broken relationships: De-risking by correspondent banks and international trade," ZEW Discussion Papers 23-064, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    9. Silvia Del Prete & Stefano Federico, 2019. "Does trust among banks matter for bilateral trade? Evidence from shocks in the interbank market," Temi di discussione (Economic working papers) 1217, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
    10. Brancati, Emanuele, 2022. "Help in a Foreign Land: Internationalized Banks and Firms’ Export," IZA Discussion Papers 15458, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    commercial letters of credit; international trade finance; exports; risk-weights; Basel II;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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