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Monotone Methods for Equilibrium Selection under Perfect Foresight Dynamics

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Author Info
Josef Hofbauer
Daisuke Oyama
Satoru Takahashi

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Abstract

The paper studies equilibrium selection in supermodular games based on a class of perfect foresight dynamics, introduced by Matsui and Matsuyama (JET 1995) and further developed by Hofbauer and Sorger (JET 1999, IGTR 2002) and Oyama (JET 2002). A normal form game is played repeatedly in a large society of rational agents. There are frictions: opportunities to revise actions follow independent Poisson processes. Each agent forms his belief about the future evolution of action distribution in the society to take an action that maximizes his expected discounted payoff. A perfect foresight path is defined to be a feasible path of action distribution to which every agent at revision opportunity takes a best response. A Nash equilibrium is said to be globally accessible if for each initial condition, there exists a perfect foresight path converging to this equilibrium; a Nash equilibrium is said to be absorbing if there exists no perfect foresight path escaping from a neighborhood of this equilibrium. By appealing to the monotonicity of the correspondence whose fixed points are perfect foresight paths, a unique Nash equilibrium that is absorbing and globally accessible for small frictions is identified for certain classes of supermodular games. Our equilibrium selection results are compared with those obtained via different approaches, such as the one that examines the robustness of equilibria to incomplete information (Kajii and Morris, Econometrica 1997)

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Paper provided by Econometric Society in its series Econometric Society 2004 North American Winter Meetings with number 339.

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Date of creation: 11 Aug 2004
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Handle: RePEc:ecm:nawm04:339

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Related research
Keywords: equilibrium selection; perfect foresight dynamics; supermodular games; potential;

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
C72 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Game Theory and Bargaining Theory - - - Noncooperative Games
C73 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Game Theory and Bargaining Theory - - - Stochastic and Dynamic Games; Evolutionary Games

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  1. Socio-Economics of Innovation
References listed on IDEAS
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  1. Kandori Michihiro & Rob Rafael, 1995. "Evolution of Equilibria in the Long Run: A General Theory and Applications," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 65(2), pages 383-414, April. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Hofbauer, Josef & Sorger, Gerhard, 1999. "Perfect Foresight and Equilibrium Selection in Symmetric Potential Games," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 85(1), pages 1-23, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  3. Milgrom, Paul & Roberts, John, 1990. "Rationalizability, Learning, and Equilibrium in Games with Strategic Complementarities," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 58(6), pages 1255-77, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. John C. Harsanyi & Reinhard Selten, 1988. "A General Theory of Equilibrium Selection in Games," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 0262582384, April.
  5. Atsushi Kajii & Stephen Morris, 1997. "The Robustness of Equilibria to Incomplete Information," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 65(6), pages 1283-1310, November.
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  6. Akihiko Matsui & Kiminori Matsuyama, 1990. "An Approach to Equilibrium Selection," Discussion Papers 970, Northwestern University, Center for Mathematical Studies in Economics and Management Science. [Downloadable!]
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  7. Matsuyama, Kiminori, 1992. "The market size, entrepreneurship, and the big push," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 6(4), pages 347-364, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  8. Stephen Morris & Hyun S Shin, 2001. "Global Games: Theory and Applications," Levine's Working Paper Archive 122247000000001080, UCLA Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
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  9. Matsui, Akihiko & Oyama, Daisuke, 2006. "Rationalizable foresight dynamics," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 56(2), pages 299-322, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  10. Kandori, Michihiro & Mailath, George J & Rob, Rafael, 1993. "Learning, Mutation, and Long Run Equilibria in Games," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 61(1), pages 29-56, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  11. Stephen Morris & Takashi Ui, 2003. "Generalized Potentials and Robust Sets of Equilibria," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 1394, Cowles Foundation, Yale University. [Downloadable!]
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  12. Akihiko Matsui & Daisuke Oyama, 2002. "Rationalizable Foresight Dynamics: Evolution and Rationalizability," Vienna Economics Papers 0302, University of Vienna, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  13. Vives, Xavier, 1990. "Nash equilibrium with strategic complementarities," Journal of Mathematical Economics, Elsevier, vol. 19(3), pages 305-321. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  14. Selten,Reinhard, . "An axiomatic theory of a risk dominance measure for bipolar games with linear incentives," Discussion Paper Serie B 252, University of Bonn, Germany.
  15. Frankel, David M. & Morris, Stephen & Pauzner, Ady, 2003. "Equilibrium selection in global games with strategic complementarities," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 108(1), pages 1-44, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  16. Carlsson, Hans & van Damme, Eric, 1993. "Global Games and Equilibrium Selection," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 61(5), pages 989-1018, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  17. Kaneda Mitsuhiro, 1995. "Industrialization under Perfect Foresight: A World Economy with a Continuum of Countries," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 66(2), pages 437-462, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  18. Athey, Susan, 2001. "Single Crossing Properties and the Existence of Pure Strategy Equilibria in Games of Incomplete Information," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 69(4), pages 861-89, July.
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  19. Young, H Peyton, 1993. "The Evolution of Conventions," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 61(1), pages 57-84, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  20. Matsuyama, Kiminori, 1991. "Increasing Returns, Industrialization, and Indeterminacy of Equilibrium," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT Press, vol. 106(2), pages 617-50, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  21. Josef Hofbauer & William H. Sandholm, 2002. "On the Global Convergence of Stochastic Fictitious Play," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 70(6), pages 2265-2294, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  22. Gilboa, Itzhak & Matsui, Akihiko, 1991. "Social Stability and Equilibrium," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 59(3), pages 859-67, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  23. Oyama, Daisuke, 2002. "p-Dominance and Equilibrium Selection under Perfect Foresight Dynamics," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 107(2), pages 288-310, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Oyama, Daisuke & Tercieux, Olivier, 2004. "Iterated Potential and Robustness of Equilibria," MPRA Paper 1599, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 22 Jan 2009. [Downloadable!]
  2. Hiroshi Uno, 2007. "Nested Potential Games," Economics Bulletin, Economics Bulletin, vol. 3(19), pages 1-8. [Downloadable!]
  3. Daijiro Okada & Olivier Tercieux, 2008. "Log-linear Dynamics and Local Potential," Economics Working Papers 0085, Institute for Advanced Study, School of Social Science. [Downloadable!]
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