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From Duty to Right: The Role of Public Education in the Transition to Aging Societies

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Author Info
Yoshiaki Sugimoto
Masao Nakagawa
Abstract

This paper argues that currently advanced, aging economies experienced a qualitative change in the role of public education during the process of industrialization. In the early phases of the Industrial Revolution, public education was regarded as a duty that regulated child labor and thereby discouraged childbirth. As these economies developed and the population aged, younger generations came to view public education as a right, whereas older generations desirous of other public services became more politically in.uential. The eventual policy bias in favor of the elderly placed a heavier education burden on the young, inducing them to have fewer children. This vicious cycle between population aging and the undersupply of public education may have decelerated the growth of advanced economies in the last few decades.

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Paper provided by Institute of Social and Economic Research, Osaka University in its series ISER Discussion Paper with number 0700.

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Date of creation: Oct 2007
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Handle: RePEc:dpr:wpaper:0700

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  1. Kremer, Michael, 1993. "Population Growth and Technological Change: One Million B.C. to 1990," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT Press, vol. 108(3), pages 681-716, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Simon Kuznets & Richard E. Quandt & Milton Friedman, 1960. "Population Change and Aggregate Output," NBER Chapters, in: Demographic and Economic Change in Developed Countries, pages 340-367 National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!]
  3. Taira, Koji, 1971. "Education and literacy in Meiji Japan: An interpretation," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 8(4), pages 371-394. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. Kemnitz, Alexander, 1999. " Demographic Structure and the Political Economy of Education Subsidies," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 101(3-4), pages 235-49, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. Horrell Sara & Humphries Jane, 1995. "The Exploitation of Little Children: Child Labor and the Family Economy in the Industrial Revolution," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 32(4), pages 485-516, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  6. Gradstein, Mark & Kaganovich, Michael, 2004. "Aging population and education finance," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 88(12), pages 2469-2485, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  7. Lindert Peter H., 1994. "The Rise of Social Spending, 1880-1930," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 31(1), pages 1-37, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  8. Gary S. Becker & Kevin M. Murphy & Robert F. Tamura, 1990. "Human Capital, Fertility, and Economic Growth," NBER Working Papers 3414, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  9. Kelvin R. Utendorf & Rowena A. Pecchenino, 1999. "Social security, social welfare and the aging population," Journal of Population Economics, Springer, vol. 12(4), pages 607-623. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  10. Goldin, Claudia & Sokoloff, Kenneth, 1982. "Women, Children, and Industrialization in the Early Republic: Evidence from the Manufacturing Censuses," The Journal of Economic History, Cambridge University Press, vol. 42(04), pages 741-774, December. [Downloadable!]
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