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Risk and Return: Consumption Beta Versus Market Beta

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Author Info
Matthew D. Shapiro (Cowles Foundation, Yale University)
N. Gregory Mankiw (MIT)

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Abstract

Much recent work emphasizes the joint nature of the consumption decision and the portfolio allocation decision. In this paper, we compare two formulations of the Capital Asset Pricing Model. The traditional CAPM suggests that the appropriate measure of an asset's risk is the covariance of the asset's return with the market return. The consumption CAPM, on the other hand, implies that a better measure of risk is the covariance with aggregate consumption growth. We examine a cross-section of 464 stocks and find that the beta measured with respect to a stock market index outperforms the beta measured with respect to consumption growth.

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Publisher Info
Paper provided by Cowles Foundation, Yale University in its series Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers with number 738.

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Length: 30 pages
Date of creation: Jan 1985
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Publication status: Published in Review of Economics and Statistics (August 1986), 68(3): 453-458
Handle: RePEc:cwl:cwldpp:738

Note: CFP 657.
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Postal: Yale University, Box 208281, New Haven, CT 06520-8281 USA
Phone: (203) 432-3702
Fax: (203) 432-6167
Web page: http://cowles.econ.yale.edu/
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Postal: Cowles Foundation, Yale University, Box 208281, New Haven, CT 06520-8281 USA

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Keywords: Capital asset pricing model; consumption; risk; portfolio theory;

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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Shapiro, Matthew D., 1984. "The permanent income hypothesis and the real interest rate : Some evidence from panel data," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 93-100. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Ben S. Bernanke, 1982. "Adjustment Costs, Durables, and Aggregate Consumption," NBER Working Papers 1038, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  3. Hausman, Jerry A, 1978. "Specification Tests in Econometrics," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 46(6), pages 1251-71, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. Robert J. Shiller, 1982. "Consumption, Asset Markets, and Macroeconomic Fluctuations," NBER Working Papers 0838, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. Levy, Haim, 1978. "Equilibrium in an Imperfect Market: A Constraint on the Number of Securities in the Portfolio," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 68(4), pages 643-58, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  6. Shiller, Robert J., 1982. "Consumption, asset markets and macroeconomic fluctuations," Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy, Elsevier, vol. 17(1), pages 203-238, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  7. Lawrence H. Summers, 1982. "Tax Policy, the Rate of Return, and Savings," NBER Working Papers 0995, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Elyès Jouini & Clotilde Napp, 2003. "A class of models satisfying a dynamical version of the CAPM," Post-Print halshs-00167159_v1, HAL. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  2. Stijn Claessens & Moon-Whoan Rhee, 1993. "The Effect of Equity Barriers on Foreign Investment in Developing Countries," NBER Working Papers 4579, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  3. Andreas Bossard, 1989. "Das konsumgestützte Kapitalmarktmodell: Empirische Ergebnisse für die Schweiz," Swiss Journal of Economics and Statistics (SJES), Swiss Society of Economics and Statistics (SSES), vol. 125(II), pages 135-156, June. [Downloadable!]
  4. Alberto Giovannini & Philippe Weil, 1989. "Risk Aversion and Intertemporal Substitution in the Capital Asset Pricing Model," NBER Working Papers 2824, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. John Fernald & John H. Rogers, 2000. "Puzzles in the Chinese stock market," Working Paper Series WP-00-13, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  6. Yong-Ho Baek, 1989. "The Measurement Of Change In Consumption," International Economic Journal, Korean International Economic Association, vol. 3(1), pages 49-54, April. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  7. Professor George M Constantinides, 2005. "Market Oganization and the prices of financial Assets," Money Macro and Finance (MMF) Research Group Conference 2005 49, Money Macro and Finance Research Group. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  8. John Y. Campbell & John H. Cochrane, 1999. "Explaining the Poor Performance of Consumption-Based Asset Pricing Models," NBER Working Papers 7237, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  9. N. Gregory Mankiw & Stephen P. Zeldes, 1991. "The Consumption of Stockholders and Non-Stockholders," NBER Working Papers 3402, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  10. Lemmen, J.J.G. & Eijffinger, S.C.W., 1995. "Financial Integration in Europe : Evidence from Euler Equation Tests," Discussion Paper 32, Tilburg University, Center for Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
  11. Ricardo M. Sousa, 2007. "Expectations, Shocks, and Asset Returns," NIPE Working Papers 29/2007, NIPE - Universidade do Minho. [Downloadable!]
  12. Alberto Giovannini & Philippe Jorion, 1989. "Time-Series Tests of a Non-Expected-Utility Model of Asset Pricing," NBER Working Papers 3195, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  13. Qiang Zhang, 2004. "Accounting for Human Capital and Weak Identification in Evaluating the Esptein-Zin-Weil Non-Expected Utility Model of Asset Pricing," CIRJE F-Series CIRJE-F-289, CIRJE, Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo. [Downloadable!]
  14. Martin Lettau & Sydney Ludvigson, 1999. "Resurrecting the (C)CAPM: a cross-sectional test when risk premia are time-varying," Staff Reports 93, Federal Reserve Bank of New York. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  15. Gauri L. Ghai, Maria E. De Boyrie, Shahid Hamid, Arun J. Prakash, 2001. "Estimation of global systematic risk for securities listed in multiple markets," European Journal of Finance, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 7(2), pages 117-130, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  16. William C. Brainard & Matthew D. Shapiro & John B. Shoven, 1990. "Fundamental Value and Market Value," NBER Working Papers 3452, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  17. George M. Constantinides, 2002. "Rational Asset Prices," NBER Working Papers 8826, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  18. Jonathan A. Parker, 2003. "Consumption Risk and Expected Stock Returns," NBER Working Papers 9548, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  19. Philippe Weil, 1989. "The Equity Premium Puzzle and the Riskfree Rate Puzzle," NBER Working Papers 2829, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  20. Kris Jacobs & Kevin Q. Wang, 2002. "Idiosyncratic Consumption Risk and the Cross-Section of Asset Returns," CIRANO Working Papers 2002s-11, CIRANO. [Downloadable!]
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