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Reprobación y desempeno académico: Evidencia de la implementación de la promoción automática en Colombia

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  • Daniel Alejandro Pinzón Hernández

Abstract

El sistema de promoción automática, en oposición al de retención escolar, asegura a los estudiantes el ingreso al siguiente nivel de escolaridad como medida para reducir la deserción y eliminar los costos de repetición. Este artículo examina el efecto de la introducción de la promoción automática en el desempeno académico de los estudiantes de colegios oficiales en Colombia. El Decreto 230 de 2002 estableció que únicamente el 5% de los alumnos en cada grado podía reprobar el ano escolar. La implementación de esta política crea un cuasi experimento que permite evaluar el efecto de cambios en las tasas de reprobación sobre el aprendizaje. Mediante una aproximación por diferencias en diferencias en dos etapas se encuentra que una caída de una desviación estándar en la tasa de reprobación conlleva a una disminución de 0.035 desviaciones estándar en pruebas estandarizadas de matemáticas, pero sin efectos significativos sobre las pruebas de lenguaje. Este trabajo contribuye a comprender el efecto de las políticas de reprobación sobre el aprendizaje.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniel Alejandro Pinzón Hernández, 2018. "Reprobación y desempeno académico: Evidencia de la implementación de la promoción automática en Colombia," Documentos CEDE 16198, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000089:016198
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Foureaux Koppensteiner, Martin, 2014. "Automatic grade promotion and student performance: Evidence from Brazil," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 277-290.
    2. Krueger, Alan B & Whitmore, Diane M, 2001. "The Effect of Attending a Small Class in the Early Grades on College-Test Taking and Middle School Test Results: Evidence from Project STAR," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 111(468), pages 1-28, January.
    3. Ahmed, Ahmed Yibrie & Mihiretie, Dawit Mekonnen, 2015. "Primary school teachers and parents’ views on automatic promotion practices and its implications for education quality," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 90-99.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    promoción automática; reprobación; educación; diferencias en diferencias;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H52 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Government Expenditures and Education
    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
    • I28 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Government Policy
    • N36 - Economic History - - Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, Religion, and Philanthropy - - - Latin America; Caribbean

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