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School reopenings, COVID-19, and employment

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  • Koppa, Vijetha
  • West, Jeremy

Abstract

Using a panel of United States counties, this study compares outcomes before and during the 2020-2021 school year between locations that started K-12 instruction on campus, remotely, or through a hybrid approach. Corroborating recent studies, we find comparatively larger increases of COVID-19 cases and deaths in locations using any in-person instruction. Within the same empirical framework, we present robust new evidence that employment was unaffected by this choice, even in counties with more vulnerable populations. We posit that opening schools did not improve employment due to policy uncertainty, supported by the fact that one-quarter of schools changed teaching methods mid-year.

Suggested Citation

  • Koppa, Vijetha & West, Jeremy, 2022. "School reopenings, COVID-19, and employment," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt5r67b4rc, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
    • Handle: RePEc:cdl:ucscec:qt5r67b4rc
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Education policy; Public health; Labor supply; education policy; public health; labor supply; Economics;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D78 - Microeconomics - - Analysis of Collective Decision-Making - - - Positive Analysis of Policy Formulation and Implementation
    • H75 - Public Economics - - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations - - - State and Local Government: Health, Education, and Welfare
    • I18 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health
    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure

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