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Moving into and out of poor urban areas

Author

Listed:
  • Edward Gramlich
  • Deborah Laren
  • Naomi Sealand

Abstract

Newly available geographical information from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) is used to estimate a variety of relationships involving high-poverty metropolitan census tracts. The longitudinal data from the PSID show a great deal of geographical mobility even for persistently poor adults, with as many as one fourth of certain groups of these entering and leaving poor urban census tracts in a year. At the same time, solution of the transition matrices for various groups-whites and blacks of various income classes, in families with and without children, living in different types of census tracts-in the early 1980s shows the gradual emptying out of poor urban tracts, particularly of whites and blacks in families without children. As a consequence, despite the great degree of geographical “churning,” poor urban areas gradually become poorer, blacker, and the home of a larger share of black families with children. Some of these aggregate trends had been noticed by researchers comparing these areas in the 1970 and 1980 censuses; our more up-to-date results demonstrate the relationships between the micro and macro data.

Suggested Citation

  • Edward Gramlich & Deborah Laren & Naomi Sealand, 1992. "Moving into and out of poor urban areas," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 11(2), pages 273-287.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:jpamgt:v:11:y:1992:i:2:p:273-287
    DOI: 10.2307/3325368
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    Cited by:

    1. Lahr, Michael L. & Gibbs, Robert M., 2002. "Mobility of Section 8 families in Alameda County," Journal of Housing Economics, Elsevier, vol. 11(3), pages 187-213, September.
    2. Andrew Schouten, 2021. "Residential mobility and the geography of low-income households," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 58(9), pages 1846-1865, July.
    3. Frenette, Marc & Picot, Garnett & Sceviour, Roger, 2004. "When do they leave? The dynamics of living in low-income neighbourhoods," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 56(3), pages 484-504, November.
    4. Jeffrey Timberlake, 2009. "“Scratchin’ and Surviving” or “Movin’ on Up?” Two Sources of Change in Children’s Neighborhood SES," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 28(2), pages 195-219, April.
    5. Ying Huang & Scott J. South & Amy Spring & Kyle Crowder, 2021. "Life-Course Exposure to Neighborhood Poverty and Migration Between Poor and Non-poor Neighborhoods," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 40(3), pages 401-429, June.
    6. Micere Keels & Greg Duncan & Stefanie Deluca & Ruby Mendenhall & James Rosenbaum, 2005. "Fifteen years later: Can residential mobility programs provide a long-term escape from neighborhood segregation, crime, and poverty," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 42(1), pages 51-73, February.
    7. Anne R. Pebley & Narayan Sastry, 2003. "Neighborhoods, Poverty and Children’s Well-being A Review," Working Papers DRU-3001-NICHD, RAND Corporation.
    8. Anne R. Pebley & Narayan Sastry, 2003. "Neighborhoods, Poverty and Children's Well-being: A Review," Working Papers 03-04, RAND Corporation.
    9. Do, D. Phuong, 2009. "The dynamics of income and neighborhood context for population health: Do long-term measures of socioeconomic status explain more of the black/white health disparity than single-point-in-time measures," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 68(8), pages 1368-1375, April.
    10. repec:pri:crcwel:wp98-04-pettit is not listed on IDEAS
    11. Xavier de Souza Briggs & Benjamin J. Keys, 2009. "Has Exposure to Poor Neighbourhoods Changed in America? Race, Risk and Housing Locations in Two Decades," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 46(2), pages 429-458, February.
    12. L. Quillian, "undated". "How Long Do African Americans Stay in High-Poverty Neighborhoods? An Analysis of Spells," Institute for Research on Poverty Discussion Papers 1203-00, University of Wisconsin Institute for Research on Poverty.
    13. Jae Sik Jeon, 2020. "Moving away from opportunity? Social networks and access to social services," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 57(8), pages 1696-1713, June.
    14. Becky Pettit, 2000. "Moving and Children's Social Connections: The Critical Importance of Context," Working Papers 994, Princeton University, School of Public and International Affairs, Center for Research on Child Wellbeing..
    15. William A. V. Clark & Philip S. Morrison, 2012. "Socio-spatial Mobility and Residential Sorting: Evidence from a Large-scale Survey," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 49(15), pages 3253-3270, November.
    16. Scott South & Kyle Crowder, 1997. "Residential mobility between cities and suburbs: race, suburbanization, and back-to-the-city moves," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 34(4), pages 525-538, November.
    17. Brett Theodos & Claudia J. Coulton & Rob Pitingolo, 2015. "Housing Unit Turnover and the Socioeconomic Mix of Low-Income Neighborhoods," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 660(1), pages 117-135, July.
    18. Ludwig, Jens, 1999. "Information and inner city educational attainment," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 18(1), pages 17-30, February.
    19. L. Quillian, "undated". "Migration Patterns and the Growth of High-Poverty Neighborhoods, 1970–1990," Institute for Research on Poverty Discussion Papers 1172-98, University of Wisconsin Institute for Research on Poverty.
    20. William Clark & Regan Maas, 2016. "Spatial mobility and opportunity in Australia: Residential selection and neighbourhood connections," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 53(6), pages 1317-1331, May.
    21. Aaronson, Daniel, 2001. "Neighborhood Dynamics," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 49(1), pages 1-31, January.
    22. Tal Modai-Snir & Pnina Plaut, 2019. "The analysis of residential sorting trends: Measuring disparities in socio-spatial mobility," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 56(2), pages 288-300, February.
    23. Picot, Garnett & Sceviour, Roger & Frenette, Marc, 2004. "Duree de la residence dans les quartiers a faible revenu : evidence pour Toronto, Montreal et Vancouver," Direction des études analytiques : documents de recherche 2004216f, Statistics Canada, Direction des études analytiques.

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