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Potential Job Creation and Resource Dependance in Rural Finland

Author

Listed:
  • Lehtonen Olli

    (Researcher, Department of geographical and historical studies, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, 80100 Joensuu)

  • Tykkyläinen Markku

    (Professor of rural research, Department of geographical and historical studies, University of Eastern Finland, P.O Box 111, 80100 Joensuu)

Abstract

Huolimatta vahvasta talouskasvusta vuosien 1990-93 kriisin jälkeen, useimmat maaseutualueet kärsivät kasvukaudella vakavista työpaikkojen menetyksistä Suomessa. Tässä tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan pienaluetasolla syitä, miksi osa maaseutualueista kärsi talouden kasvukaudella työpaikkojen vähenemisestä vaikka toiset maaseutualueet menestyivät ja kasvoivat jopa nopeammin kuin useat kaupunkialueet. Tulosten perusteella työpaikkojen lukumäärän muutokset ovat yhteydessä maaseutualueiden paikallisiin taloudelliset olosuhteet, väestörakenteeseen, läheisyyteen suurempiin kasvaviin keskuksiin ja luonnonolosuhteisiin. Odotusten vastaisesti maaseutualueet, joille on tunnusomaista kylmä ilmasto sekä luonnonsuojelualueiden suuri osuus maapinta-alasta, ovat välttäneet pahimmat työpaikkojen lukumäärän menetykset. Menestystä selittää se, että näiltä alueilta puuttuu perinteisten supistuvien alkutuotantoelinkeinojen taakka sekä se, että matkailu on paikoin kasvanut erittäin voimakkaasti Lapissa. Riippuvuus alkutuotannosta onkin hyvä indikaattori suurimmille työpaikkojen lukumäärän menetyksille kaupunkikeskeisenä kasvukautena. Varsinkin eniten resurssiriippuvaiset alueet ovat kokeneet eniten menetyksiä ja epäonnistuneet työpaikkojen luomisessa alueen alhaisen kilpailukyvyn vuoksi. Tämä osoittaa, että poliittiset toimenpiteet eivät ole kyenneet uudistamaan ja nykyaikaistamaan perinteisiä maaseutualueita. Tehotonta maaseutu- ja aluepolitiikkaa pitäisikin tulosten perusteella muokata perusteellisesti erityisesti resurssiriippuvaisilla alueilla.

Suggested Citation

  • Lehtonen Olli & Tykkyläinen Markku, 2014. "Potential Job Creation and Resource Dependance in Rural Finland," European Countryside, Sciendo, vol. 6(3), pages 1-23, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:vrs:eurcou:v:6:y:2014:i:3:p:23:n:1
    DOI: 10.2478/euco-2014-0011
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