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Socioeconomic Segregation in Large Cities in France and the United States

Author

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  • Lincoln Quillian

    (Northwestern University)

  • Hugues Lagrange

    (CNRS & Sciences Po Paris, Observatoire Sociologique du Changement)

Abstract

Past cross-national comparisons of socioeconomic segregation have been undercut by lack of comparability in measures, data, and concepts. Using IRIS data from the French Census of 2008 and the French Ministry of Finance as well as tract data from the American Community Survey (2006–2010) and the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development Picture of Subsidized Households, and constructing measures to be as similar as possible, we compare socioeconomic segregation in metropolitan areas with a population of more than 1 million in France and the United States. We find much higher socioeconomic segregation in large metropolitan areas in the United States than in France. We also find (1) a strong pattern of low-income neighborhoods in central cities and high-income neighborhoods in suburbs in the United States, but varying patterns across metropolitan areas in France; (2) that high-income persons are the most segregated group in both countries; (3) that the shares of neighborhood income differences that can be explained by neighborhood racial/ethnic composition are similar in France and the United States; and (4) that government-assisted housing is disproportionately located in the poorest neighborhoods in the United States but is spread across many neighborhood income levels in France. We conclude that differences in government provision of housing assistance and levels of income inequality are likely important contributing factors to the Franco-U.S. difference in socioeconomic segregation.

Suggested Citation

  • Lincoln Quillian & Hugues Lagrange, 2016. "Socioeconomic Segregation in Large Cities in France and the United States," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 53(4), pages 1051-1084, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:demogr:v:53:y:2016:i:4:d:10.1007_s13524-016-0491-9
    DOI: 10.1007/s13524-016-0491-9
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    1. Gregory Verdugo & Sorana Toma, 2018. "Can Public Housing Decrease Segregation? Lessons and Challenges From Non-European Immigration in France," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 55(5), pages 1803-1828, October.
    2. Olivier Godechot, 2020. "The Great Separation: Top Earner Segregation at Work in High-Income Countries," Working Papers hal-03098791, HAL.
    3. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/31cfdhnp1f8asp29hjnqv33slt is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Pierre Courtioux & Tristan-Pierre Maury & Johan Seux, 2023. "The Geographies of Segregation in French Universities from 2006 to 2016," Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (Post-Print and Working Papers) halshs-04118941, HAL.
    5. Mira Frick & Ryota Iijima & Yuhta Ishii, 2018. "Dispersed Behavior and Perceptions in Assortative Societies," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 2128R2, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University, revised Oct 2021.
    6. Renaud Le Goix & Timothée Giraud & Robin Cura & Thibault Le Corre & Julien Migozzi, 2019. "Who sells to whom in the suburbs? Home price inflation and the dynamics of sellers and buyers in the metropolitan region of Paris, 1996-2012 [Qui vend à qui dans le périurbain ? L'inflation des pri," Post-Print halshs-01968663, HAL.
    7. Kaihuai Liao & Peiyi Lv & Shixiang Wei & Tianlan Fu, 2022. "A Scientometric Review of Residential Segregation Research: A CiteSpace-Based Visualization," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-21, December.
    8. Mira Frick & Ryota Iijima & Yuhta Ishii, 2018. "Dispersed Behavior and Perceptions in Assortative Societies," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 2128R3, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University, revised Jun 2022.
    9. Schmutz, Benoît & Verdugo, Gregory, 2023. "Do elections affect immigration? Evidence from French municipalities," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 218(C).
    10. Kévin Beaubrun-Diant & Tristan-Pierre Maury, 2020. "Income Segregation and Social Housing in France," Working Papers hal-02526776, HAL.
    11. Jie Shen & Yang Xiao, 2020. "Emerging divided cities in China: Socioeconomic segregation in Shanghai, 2000–2010," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 57(6), pages 1338-1356, May.
    12. Chris Hess & Arthur Acolin & Rebecca Walter & Ian Kennedy & Sarah Chasins & Kyle Crowder, 2021. "Searching for housing in the digital age: Neighborhood representation on internet rental housing platforms across space, platform, and metropolitan segregation," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 53(8), pages 2012-2032, November.
    13. Eva K. Andersson & Torkild Hovde Lyngstad & Bart Sleutjes, 2018. "Comparing Patterns of Segregation in North-Western Europe: A Multiscalar Approach," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 34(2), pages 151-168, May.
    14. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/1ck6j135a79b5pqdagv8visfep is not listed on IDEAS
    15. Yannis Psycharis & Anastasia Panori, 2023. "Small-Scale Socio-Economic Conditions And Residential Segregation: Evidence From The Municipalities Across The Metropolitan Region Of Attica," Romanian Journal of Regional Science, Romanian Regional Science Association, vol. 17(1), pages 38-65, June.
    16. Renaud Le Goix & Timothée Giraud & Robin Cura & Thibault Le Corre & Julien Migozzi, 2019. "Who sells to whom in the suburbs? Home price inflation and the dynamics of sellers and buyers in the metropolitan region of Paris, 1996–2012," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(3), pages 1-36, March.

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