IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/sae/urbstu/v57y2020i6p1338-1356.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Emerging divided cities in China: Socioeconomic segregation in Shanghai, 2000–2010

Author

Listed:
  • Jie Shen

    (School of Social Development and Public Policy, Fudan University, China)

  • Yang Xiao

    (College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, China)

Abstract

Compared with North America and Western Europe, Chinese cities used to feature a low extent of socioeconomic segregation. However, systematic analysis of the changes in socioeconomic segregation after the end of the provision of welfare housing is needed. Using residential-committee-level data from the fifth and sixth censuses of Shanghai, for the first time, this article systematically charts changes in socioeconomic segregation in Chinese cities over the period 2000–2010. Along with the emergence of high-status neighbourhoods and migrant neighbourhoods, Shanghai has grown more divided based on individual socioeconomic status. The extent of socioeconomic segregation in Shanghai was comparable to that of large US and European cities. While patterns of sociospatial divisions are different across central and suburban areas, the level of educational segregation becomes greater than that of hukou segregation. The crucial role of housing commodification in driving these changes highlights the importance of contextual and institutional factors in understanding the dynamics of segregation.

Suggested Citation

  • Jie Shen & Yang Xiao, 2020. "Emerging divided cities in China: Socioeconomic segregation in Shanghai, 2000–2010," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 57(6), pages 1338-1356, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:urbstu:v:57:y:2020:i:6:p:1338-1356
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098019834233
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0042098019834233
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1177/0042098019834233?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jie Shen & Fulong Wu, 2013. "Moving to the Suburbs: Demand-Side Driving Forces of Suburban Growth in China," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 45(8), pages 1823-1844, August.
    2. Willem R. Boterman & Wouter P.C. Gent, 2014. "Housing Liberalisation and Gentrification: The Social Effects of Tenure Conversions in Amsterdam," Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG, vol. 105(2), pages 140-160, April.
    3. John Iceland & Gregory Sharp, 2013. "White Residential Segregation in U.S. Metropolitan Areas: Conceptual Issues, Patterns, and Trends from the U.S. Census, 1980 to 2010," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 32(5), pages 663-686, October.
    4. Démurger, Sylvie & Gurgand, Marc & Li, Shi & Yue, Ximing, 2009. "Migrants as second-class workers in urban China? A decomposition analysis," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 37(4), pages 610-628, December.
    5. Si-Ming Li & Fulong Wu, 2004. "Contextualizing Residential Mobility and Housing Choice: Evidence from Urban China," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 36(1), pages 1-6, January.
    6. Lun Liu & Elisabete A Silva & Ying Long, 2019. "Block-level changes in the socio-spatial landscape in Beijing: Trends and processes," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 56(6), pages 1198-1214, May.
    7. Sonia Arbaci, 2007. "Ethnic Segregation, Housing Systems and Welfare Regimes in Europe," European Journal of Housing Policy, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 7(4), pages 401-433.
    8. Reynolds Farley, 1977. "Residential segregation in urbanized areas of the United States in 1970: An analysis of social class and racial differences," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 14(4), pages 497-518, November.
    9. John R. Logan & Yiping Fang & Zhanxin Zhang, 2009. "Access to Housing in Urban China," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 33(4), pages 914-935, December.
    10. Youqin Huang & Leiwen Jiang, 2009. "Housing Inequality in Transitional Beijing," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 33(4), pages 936-956, December.
    11. Friedemann Roy, 2008. "Mortgage Markets in Central and Eastern Europe - A Review of Past Experiences and Future Perspectives," International Journal of Housing Policy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 8(2), pages 133-160.
    12. Qiyan Wu & Tim Edensor & Jianquan Cheng, 2018. "Beyond Space: Spatial (Re)Production and Middle†Class Remaking Driven by Jiaoyufication in Nanjing City, China," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 42(1), pages 1-19, January.
    13. Douglas Massey & Nancy Denton, 1989. "Hypersegregation in U.S. Metropolitan Areas: Black and Hispanic Segregation Along Five Dimensions," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 26(3), pages 373-391, August.
    14. John Logan & Brian Stults & Reynolds Farley, 2004. "Segregation of minorities in the metropolis: two decades of change," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 41(1), pages 1-22, February.
    15. Friedemann Roy, 2008. "Mortgage Markets in Central and Eastern Europe – A Review of Past Experiences and Future Perspectives," European Journal of Housing Policy, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 8(2), pages 133-160.
    16. Chengdong Yi & Youqin Huang, 2014. "Housing Consumption and Housing Inequality in Chinese Cities During the First Decade of the Twenty-First Century," Housing Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 29(2), pages 291-311, March.
    17. Sonia Arbaci, 2007. "Ethnic Segregation, Housing Systems and Welfare Regimes in Europe," International Journal of Housing Policy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 7(4), pages 401-433.
    18. Chris Hamnett, 1996. "Social Polarisation, Economic Restructuring and Welfare State Regimes," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 33(8), pages 1407-1430, October.
    19. John R. Logan & Yanjie Bian & Fuqin Bian, 1999. "Housing inequality in urban China in the 1990s," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 23(1), pages 7-25, March.
    20. Ronald Van Kempen & Alan Murie, 2009. "The New Divided City: Changing Patterns In European Cities," Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG, vol. 100(4), pages 377-398, September.
    21. Zoltán Kovács & Günter Herfert, 2012. "Development Pathways of Large Housing Estates in Post-socialist Cities: An International Comparison," Housing Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 27(3), pages 324-342.
    22. Sean Reardon & Stephen Matthews & David O’Sullivan & Barrett Lee & Glenn Firebaugh & Chad Farrell & Kendra Bischoff, 2008. "The geographic scale of Metropolitan racial segregation," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 45(3), pages 489-514, August.
    23. Fulong Wu, 2015. "Commodification and housing market cycles in Chinese cities," European Journal of Housing Policy, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 15(1), pages 6-26, January.
    24. Jack Burgers & Sako Musterd, 2002. "Understanding Urban Inequality: A Model Based on Existing Theories and an Empirical Illustration," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 26(2), pages 403-413, June.
    25. Fulong Wu, 2015. "Commodification and housing market cycles in Chinese cities," International Journal of Housing Policy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 15(1), pages 6-26, January.
    26. Jiang Xu & Anthony Yeh & Fulong Wu, 2009. "Land Commodification: New Land Development and Politics in China since the Late 1990s," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 33(4), pages 890-913, December.
    27. Jørn Ljunggren & Patrick Lie Andersen, 2015. "Vertical and Horizontal Segregation: Spatial Class Divisions in Oslo, 1970–2003," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 39(2), pages 305-322, March.
    28. Claude Fischer & Gretchen Stockmayer & Jon Stiles & Michael Hout, 2004. "Distinguishing the geographic levels and social dimensions of U.S. metropolitan segregation, 1960–2000," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 41(1), pages 37-59, February.
    29. Lincoln Quillian & Hugues Lagrange, 2016. "Socioeconomic Segregation in Large Cities in France and the United States," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 53(4), pages 1051-1084, August.
    30. Szymon Marcińczak & Michael Gentile & Samuel Rufat & Liviu Chelcea, 2014. "Urban Geographies of Hesitant Transition: Tracing Socioeconomic Segregation in Post-Ceauşescu Bucharest," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 38(4), pages 1399-1417, July.
    31. Luca Pattaroni & Vincent Kaufmann & Marie-Paule Thomas, 2012. "The Dynamics of Multifaceted Gentrification: A Comparative Analysis of the Trajectories of Six Neighbourhoods in the Île-de-France Region," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 36(6), pages 1223-1241, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Yang, Junping & Zhang, Mengjie & Ballester-Miquel, José Carlos & Ribeiro-Navarrete, Samuel, 2022. "Exploring what drives entrepreneurs: Intergenerational differences between entrepreneurs born in the 1980s and 1990s," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 183(C).
    2. Gwilym Owen & Yu Chen & Timothy Birabi & Gwilym Pryce & Hui Song & Bifeng Wang, 2023. "Residential segregation of migrants: Disentangling the intersectional and multiscale segregation of migrants in Shijiazhuang, China," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 60(1), pages 166-182, January.
    3. Shen, Yue & Luo, Xueyao, 2023. "Linking spatial and temporal contexts to multi-contextual segregation by hukou status in urban China," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 107(C).
    4. Lily Kong & Orlando Woods & Hong Zhu, 2022. "The (de)territorialised appeal of international schools in China: Forging brands, boundaries and inter-belonging in segregated urban space," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 59(1), pages 242-258, January.
    5. Zhang, Yanji & Wang, Jiejing & Kan, Changcheng, 2022. "Temporal variation in activity-space-based segregation: A case study of Beijing using location-based service data," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Chunhui Liu & Weixuan Song, 2019. "Perspectives of Socio-Spatial Differentiation from Soaring Housing Prices: A Case Study in Nanjing, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-16, May.
    2. Rafael Costa & Helga A. G. Valk, 2018. "Ethnic and Socioeconomic Segregation in Belgium: A Multiscalar Approach Using Individualised Neighbourhoods," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 34(2), pages 225-250, May.
    3. Musterd, Sako & Marci?czak, Szymon & van Ham, Maarten & Tammaru, Tiit, 2015. "Socio-Economic Segregation in European Capital Cities: Increasing Separation between Poor and Rich," IZA Discussion Papers 9603, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    4. Fulong Wu, 2009. "Land Development, Inequality and Urban Villages in China," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 33(4), pages 885-889, December.
    5. Guanghua Wan & Chen Wang & Yu Wu, 2021. "What Drove Housing Wealth Inequality in China?," China & World Economy, Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, vol. 29(1), pages 32-60, January.
    6. Grzegorczyk Anna, 2021. "Residential segregation and socio-spatial processes in Marseille. Urban social sustainability challenge," Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series, Sciendo, vol. 52(52), pages 25-38, June.
    7. Tse-Chuan Yang & Stephen A Matthews, 2015. "Death by Segregation: Does the Dimension of Racial Segregation Matter?," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(9), pages 1-26, September.
    8. Zwiers, Merle & Kleinhans, Reinout & van Ham, Maarten, 2015. "Divided Cities: Increasing Socio-Spatial Polarization within Large Cities in the Netherlands," IZA Discussion Papers 8882, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    9. Christopher S. Fowler & Barrett A. Lee & Stephen A. Matthews, 2016. "The Contributions of Places to Metropolitan Ethnoracial Diversity and Segregation: Decomposing Change Across Space and Time," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 53(6), pages 1955-1977, December.
    10. Sidong Zhao & Kaixu Zhao & Ping Zhang, 2021. "Spatial Inequality in China’s Housing Market and the Driving Mechanism," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-33, August.
    11. Jeremy E. Fiel & Yongjun Zhang, 2018. "Three Dimensions of Change in School Segregation: A Grade-Period-Cohort Analysis," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 55(1), pages 33-58, February.
    12. Matthew Hall & John Iceland & Youngmin Yi, 2019. "Racial Separation at Home and Work: Segregation in Residential and Workplace Settings," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 38(5), pages 671-694, October.
    13. Montserrat Pareja‐Eastaway, 2009. "The Effects Of The Spanish Housing System On The Settlement Patterns Of Immigrants," Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG, vol. 100(4), pages 519-534, September.
    14. Iris Claus & Les Oxley & Jie Chen & Xuehui Han, 2014. "The Evolution Of The Housing Market And Its Socioeconomic Impacts In The Post-Reform People'S Republic Of China: A Survey Of The Literature," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 28(4), pages 652-670, September.
    15. David Consolazio & David Benassi & Antonio Giampiero Russo, 2023. "Ethnic residential segregation in the city of Milan at the interplay between social class, housing and labour market," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 60(10), pages 1853-1874, August.
    16. Richelle L. Winkler & Kenneth M. Johnson, 2016. "Moving Toward Integration? Effects of Migration on Ethnoracial Segregation Across the Rural-Urban Continuum," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 53(4), pages 1027-1049, August.
    17. Daniel T. Lichter & Domenico Parisi & Shrinidhi Ambinakudige, 2020. "The Spatial Integration of Immigrants in Europe: A Cross-National Study," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 39(3), pages 465-491, June.
    18. Wu, Fulong, 2022. "Land financialisation and the financing of urban development in China," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C).
    19. Siqi Yu & Xigang Zhu & Qian He, 2020. "An Assessment of Urban Park Access Using House-Level Data in Urban China: Through the Lens of Social Equity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-19, March.
    20. Szymon Marcińczak & Michael Gentile, 2023. "A Window Into the European City: Exploring Socioeconomic Residential Segregation in Urban Poland," Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG, vol. 114(3), pages 252-266, July.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:sae:urbstu:v:57:y:2020:i:6:p:1338-1356. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: SAGE Publications (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.gla.ac.uk/departments/urbanstudiesjournal .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.