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Évaluation et comparaison des règles de vote derrière le voile de l’ignorance : Tour d'horizon sélectif et analyse des règles de scores à deux paramètres

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  • Postl, Peter

    (University of Bath)

Abstract

Résumé – Nous proposons un cadre général pour l’étude et l’évaluation des règles de vote derrière le « voile d’ignorance ». Nous montrerons comment de nombreuses contributions recensées dans notre revue de la littérature sur le vote peuvent être considérées comme des cas particuliers de ce modèle général. L’analyse se concentre ensuite sur l’optimisation utilitariste dans le cas d’élections à trois candidats et une spécification bayésienne où les préférences cardinales des électeurs entre trois options sont de l’information privée. Dans ce contexte spécifique, nous étudions les règles de vote qui sont des règles de score à deux paramètres, telles qu’introduites par Myerson (2002). Nous montrons que tous les équilibres bayésiens symétriques induits par ces règles de vote sont des équilibres sincères et ont une forme particulière. Ces équilibres sont uniques pour une vaste gamme de paramètres, ce qui nous permet de comparer la performance à l’équilibre de différentes règles de vote. Les résultats de nos calculs relatifs à l’efficacité des diverses règles de score (où l’efficacité est évaluée à l’aide d’une variation de la mesure proposée par Weber, 1978) permettent de conclure que les règles qui représentent le plus efficacement les préférences des électeurs permettent l’expression de l’intensité de ces préférences, contrairement aux règles plus couramment utilisées telles que la règle de pluralité et celle de Borda. Alors que la règle de vote par assentiment permet l’expression de l’intensité des préférences, elle ne maximise pas l’efficacité, car elle ne parvient pas à rendre sans ambiguïté les préférences ordinales des électeurs.

Suggested Citation

  • Postl, Peter, 2017. "Évaluation et comparaison des règles de vote derrière le voile de l’ignorance : Tour d'horizon sélectif et analyse des règles de scores à deux paramètres," L'Actualité Economique, Société Canadienne de Science Economique, vol. 93(1-2), pages 249-290, Mars-Juin.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:actuec:0169
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    References listed on IDEAS

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