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An International Duopoly Model Under Exchange Rate Uncertainty

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  • Robert F. Owen
  • Stylianos Perrakis

Abstract

[eng] An international duopoly model under exchange rate uncertainty. . The implications of exchange rate uncertainty for the strategic interactions of a Cournot duopoly, which consists of an international firm and its local competitor in a foreign market, are explored in a framework where production decisions are made ex ante, while exports are determined after the exchange rate becomes known. The analysis highlights the effects arising from the ex post variability of sales earnings in the foreign market on the firms production levels, corporate profitablity, and risk exposure. These real and financial effects, associated with the endogenous quantity and price uncertainty generated by the exchange rate distribution, occur even under assumptions of risk neutrality, but are also essentially related to the asymmetry between the two firms, as represented by the greater marketing flexibility of the international corporation. More specifically, the exchange rate uncertainty changes fundamentally the nature of the game-theoretic solutions which emerge, given that the import penetration facing the local firm leads it to behave like an ex ante Stackelberg leader when it formulates its output decision. Since the exchange risk exposure of both the firms is a non-linear function of the exchange rate, it can not be completely eliminated by forward exchange covering. Finally, by indicating scenarios where the priee volatility in the duopoly market is less than that of the exchange rate, the analysis also offers the general insight that models with imperfect competition can provide an explanation for certain divergences from purchasing power parity. [fre] an International Duopoly Model Under Exchange Rate Uncertainty. . Les implications de l'incertitude du taux de change sur les stratégies d'un duopole de Cournot, constitué d'une firme internationale et de son concurrent sur un marché local étranger, sont examinées dans un cadre où les décisions de production sont réalisées ex-ante tandis que les décisions d'exportation et de vente sont déterminées lorsque le taux de change est connu. L'analyse met en évidence les effets de la variabilité ex-post des gains tirés des ventes réalisées à l'étranger sur les niveaux ex-ante de production des entreprises, leur profit et leur exposition au risque. Ces effets réels et financiers, associés à l'incertitude sur les prix et les quantités générée par la distribution du taux de change, surviennent même sous l'hypothèse de neutralité au risque et sont essentiellement liés à l'asymétrie entre les deux firmes, représentée par la plus grande flexibilité des décisions de la firme internationale.. Plus spécifiquement, l'incertitude sur les taux de change modifie fondamentalement la nature des solutions de jeux puisque la pénétration des importa­tions à laquelle est confrontée la firme locale la conduit à se comporter comme un leader de Stackelberg ex-ante quand elle forme sa décision de production. Puisque l'exposition au risque de change de chacune des firmes est une fonction non linéaire du taux de change, il ne peut être complètement éliminé par une couverture à terme.. Enfin, en exprimant des scénarios où la volatilité des prix dans la situation de duopole est inférieure à celle des taux de change, l'étude montre aussi que les modèles de concurrence imparfaite peuvent expliquer certaines divergences par rapport à la parité des pouvoirs d'achat.

Suggested Citation

  • Robert F. Owen & Stylianos Perrakis, 1988. "An International Duopoly Model Under Exchange Rate Uncertainty," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 39(5), pages 1035-1060.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1988_num_39_5_409111
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    Cited by:

    1. Tetsuya Shinkai & Takao Ohkawa & Makoto Okamura & Ryoma Kitamura, 2020. "Effects of Changes in Exchange Rate Volatility on Short-run Equilibrium in International Oligopoly," Discussion Paper Series 215, School of Economics, Kwansei Gakuin University.
    2. Friberg, Richard, 1996. "On the Role of Pricing Exports in a Third Currency," SSE/EFI Working Paper Series in Economics and Finance 128, Stockholm School of Economics.

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