IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v13y2021i2p685-d479187.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Exploring Solutions to Improve the Evaluation of Development of Rural Villages: A Case Study of the Application of the Evaluation for the Construction of Beautiful Villages (ECBV) in a Village in South China

Author

Listed:
  • Chenxi Liu

    (School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK)

  • Fan Wang

    (School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK
    School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China)

  • Xihong Gao

    (School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China)

  • Harry Smith

    (School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK)

Abstract

Eco-village development has been considered by the Chinese central government as part of its rural revitalisation campaign and it is seen as a crucial/main solution to the increasingly serious rural issues caused by urban–rural inequality. A significant number of eco-villages are being or will be developed with government leadership and support under the guidance of a corresponding assessment. However, the latest Chinese eco-village assessment, the Evaluation for the Construction of Beautiful Villages (ECBV), has been found to have limitations related to the assessment process, method, and indicators, meaning that it cannot be used to perform a balanced evaluation of the social, economic, and environmental aspects of an eco-village. As assessing an eco-village is as essential as building it, it has become necessary to balance the criteria and improve the ECBV assessment so that it can review existing achievements, guide further development, and ensure better outcomes. Thus, this paper aims to: (1) identify the limitations of ECBV through a case study of a carefully selected Chinese eco-village, Zhenghu Village, by repeating the assessment process and analysing the assessment results, and (2) propose three possible solutions to improve the assessment by applying a revised ECBV assessment, the components of which are adopted and revised from an internationally recognised sustainability assessment, the Sustainable Development Indicators (SDIs). The results of the case study confirm the limitations of the ECBV assessment. Besides, the research outcomes of these three possible solutions can improve ECBV assessment and also provide ideas for the improvement of other existing assessment methods. Moreover, other developing countries may apply the research process and method introduced in this paper to formulate or improve their own eco-village assessments.

Suggested Citation

  • Chenxi Liu & Fan Wang & Xihong Gao & Harry Smith, 2021. "Exploring Solutions to Improve the Evaluation of Development of Rural Villages: A Case Study of the Application of the Evaluation for the Construction of Beautiful Villages (ECBV) in a Village in Sout," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-23, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:2:p:685-:d:479187
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/2/685/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/2/685/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hege Westskog & Tanja Winther & Marianne Aasen, 2018. "The Creation of an Ecovillage: Handling Identities in a Norwegian Sustainable Valley," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-20, June.
    2. Chang, Hongqin & Dong, Xiao-yuan & MacPhail, Fiona, 2011. "Labor Migration and Time Use Patterns of the Left-behind Children and Elderly in Rural China," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 39(12), pages 2199-2210.
    3. Changjie Zhan & Martin De Jong & Hans De Bruijn, 2018. "Funding Sustainable Cities: A Comparative Study of Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-City and Shenzhen International Low-Carbon City," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-15, November.
    4. Adrian Pitts & Yun Gao & Vinh Tien Le, 2019. "Opportunities to Improve Sustainable Environmental Design of Dwellings in Rural Southwest China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(19), pages 1-44, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Qin Ji & Jianping Yang & Qingshan He & Hongju Chen & Xiran Wang & Fan Tang & Qiuling Ge & Yanxia Wang & Feng Ding, 2021. "Understanding Public Attention towards the Beautiful Village Initiative in China and Exploring the Influencing Factors: An Empirical Analysis Based on the Baidu Index," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-21, October.
    2. Huayan Weng & Yongchao Gao & Xinyi Su & Xiaodong Yang & Fangyan Cheng & Renfeng Ma & Yanju Liu & Wen Zhang & Liwen Zheng, 2021. "Spatial-Temporal Changes and Driving Force Analysis of Green Space in Coastal Cities of Southeast China over the Past 20 Years," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(5), pages 1-18, May.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Mahmoud Owais & Abdou S. Ahmed & Ghada S. Moussa & Ahmed A. Khalil, 2020. "An Optimal Metro Design for Transit Networks in Existing Square Cities Based on Non-Demand Criterion," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-28, November.
    2. Patricia Justino & Olga Shemyakina, 2012. "Remittances and labor supply in post-conflict Tajikistan," IZA Journal of Labor & Development, Springer;Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 1(1), pages 1-28, December.
    3. Kseniia Gatskova & Artjoms Ivlevs & Barbara Dietz, 2017. "Does migration affect education of girls and young women in Tajikistan?," WIDER Working Paper Series 104, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
    4. Leena Bhattacharya, 2019. "Short-Term Migration and Children’s School Attendance: Evidence from Rural India," The Indian Journal of Labour Economics, Springer;The Indian Society of Labour Economics (ISLE), vol. 62(4), pages 659-691, December.
    5. Lijuan Xu & Abbas Ali Chandio & Jingyi Wang & Yuansheng Jiang, 2022. "Does Farmland Tenancy Improve Household Asset Allocation? Evidence from Rural China," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-22, December.
    6. Ai Yue & Yu Bai & Yaojiang Shi & Renfu Luo & Scott Rozelle & Alexis Medina & Sean Sylvia, 2020. "Parental Migration and Early Childhood Development in Rural China," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 57(2), pages 403-422, April.
    7. Xu, Hao, 2017. "The time use pattern and labour supply of the left behind spouse and children in rural China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 46(S), pages 77-101.
    8. Cadsby, C. Bram & Song, Fei & Yang, Xiaolan, 2020. "Are “left-behind” children really left behind? A lab-in-field experiment concerning the impact of rural/urban status and parental migration on children's other-regarding preferences," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 715-728.
    9. Ziqi Zhang & Zhi Qiu, 2020. "Exploring Daily Activity Patterns on the Typical Day of Older Adults for Supporting Aging-in-Place in China’s Rural Environment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(22), pages 1-20, November.
    10. Miltiadis D. Lytras & Anna Visvizi & Akila Sarirete, 2019. "Clustering Smart City Services: Perceptions, Expectations, Responses," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-19, March.
    11. Wei Zhang & Zhun Xu, 2022. "Gender Norms and Household Labor: Time Use in the Context of Social Class Differentiation in Transitional China," Review of Radical Political Economics, Union for Radical Political Economics, vol. 54(1), pages 106-121, March.
    12. Sylvie Démurger & Shi Li, 2013. "Migration, Remittances, and Rural Employment Patterns: Evidence from China," Research in Labor Economics, in: Labor Market Issues in China, pages 31-63, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
    13. Rong, Zhao & Yang, Liu & Yuan, Yan, 2012. "Labor Migration Choice and Its Impacts on Households in Rural China," 2012 Annual Meeting, August 12-14, 2012, Seattle, Washington 124842, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    14. Hazel Si Min Lim & Araz Taeihagh, 2019. "Algorithmic Decision-Making in AVs: Understanding Ethical and Technical Concerns for Smart Cities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(20), pages 1-28, October.
    15. Feng, Qundi & He, Qinying, 2022. "Does parental migration increase upward intergenerational mobility? Evidence from rural China," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
    16. Momoe Makino & Abu S. Shonchoy & Zaki Wahhaj, 2021. "Early Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Children in Rural Bangladesh," Working Papers 2104, Florida International University, Department of Economics.
    17. Cheng Chow & Xiaochen Zhou & Yao Fu & Aree Jampaklay & Lucy P. Jordan, 2023. "From Left-Behind Children to Youth Labor Migrants: The Impact of Household Networks, Gendered Migration, and Relay Migration in Southeast Asia," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-22, February.
    18. Yue Zhang & Xiaodong Zheng, 2022. "Internal migration and child health: An investigation of health disparities between migrant children and left-behind children in China," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 17(3), pages 1-15, March.
    19. Kamalbek Karymshakov & Burulcha Sulaimanova, 2017. "Migration impact on left-behind women’s labour participation and time-use: Evidence from Kyrgyzstan," WIDER Working Paper Series 119, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
    20. Tang, Zequn & Wang, Ning, 2021. "School disruption of children in China: The influence of parents’ rural–urban migration," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 129(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:2:p:685-:d:479187. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.