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Productivity Evaluation of Tourism and Culture for Sustainable Economic Development: Analyzing South Korea’s Metropolitan Regions

Author

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  • Hyo-Jae Joun

    (Korea Culture & Tourism Institute, Seoul 07511, Korea)

  • Hany Kim

    (Department of Tourism and Convention, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea)

Abstract

We analyzed the productivity of tourism- and culture-related economic activity in South Korea, adopting the Malmquist productivity index based on data envelopment analysis. We examined whether the productivity of tourism efficiently attracts financial investment. We used various objective indicators as the input and output variables of 16 metropolitan regions in South Korea between 2013 and 2018. To effectively understand the productivity of regions, the 16 metropolitan regions were categorized into four groups based on the ratio of financial independence and rate of city region, and regions were characterized as urbanized, traditional metropolitan, industrialized, or less developed. The findings reveal that the tourism industry in relatively less urbanized regions is more productive. Compared with other industries, public pre-investment and private investment strategies specific to tourism may yield more efficient results in terms of total production and employment. In other words, tourism may constitute a gateway to economic sustainability in less developed regions through the revitalization and/or balanced development of local structures.

Suggested Citation

  • Hyo-Jae Joun & Hany Kim, 2020. "Productivity Evaluation of Tourism and Culture for Sustainable Economic Development: Analyzing South Korea’s Metropolitan Regions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-19, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:7:p:2912-:d:341985
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Jaeyoung An & Hany Kim & Dongkeun Hur, 2021. "Keeping the Competitive Edge of a Convention and Exhibition Center in MICE Environment: Identification of Event Attributes for Long-Run Success," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-17, April.
    3. Songsong Zhao & Tai Huang & Jianchao Xi, 2022. "Understanding the Evolution of Regional Tourism Efficiency: Through the Lens of Evolutionary Economic Geography," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-16, September.
    4. Yihan Chi & Yongheng Fang & Jiamin Liu, 2022. "Spatial–Temporal Evolution Characteristics and Economic Effects of China’s Cultural and Tourism Industries’ Collaborative Agglomeration," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-23, November.
    5. Mandeep Mahendru & Vibha Arora & Ravi Chatterjee & Gagan Deep Sharma & Irum Shahzadi, 2024. "From Over-Tourism to Under-Tourism via COVID-19: Lessons for Sustainable Tourism Management," Evaluation Review, , vol. 48(1), pages 177-210, February.
    6. Ji Young Jeong & Mamurbek Karimov & Yuldoshboy Sobirov & Olimjon Saidmamatov & Peter Marty, 2023. "Evaluating Culturalization Strategies for Sustainable Tourism Development in Uzbekistan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1, May.

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