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Biophysical and Socioeconomic State and Links of Deltaic Areas Vulnerable to Climate Change: Volta (Ghana), Mahanadi (India) and Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (India and Bangladesh)

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  • Ignacio Cazcarro

    (ARAID (Aragonese Agency for Research and Development) Researcher, Department of Economic Analysis, University of Zaragoza, 50005 Zaragoza, Spain
    Basque Centre for Climate Change (BC3), 48940 Leioa, Spain)

  • Iñaki Arto

    (Basque Centre for Climate Change (BC3), 48940 Leioa, Spain)

  • Somnath Hazra

    (Jadavpur University, 700032 Kolkata, India)

  • Rabindra Nath Bhattacharya

    (Jadavpur University, 700032 Kolkata, India)

  • Prince Osei-Wusu Adjei

    (Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana)

  • Patrick K. Ofori-Danson

    (University of Ghana, Legon Boundary, Accra, Ghana)

  • Joseph K. Asenso

    (Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning, P. O. Box M40, Accra, Ghana)

  • Samuel K. Amponsah

    (University of Ghana, Legon Boundary, Accra, Ghana)

  • Bazlul Khondker

    (South Asian Network on Economic Modeling (SANEM), 1212 Dhaka, Bangladesh)

  • Selim Raihan

    (South Asian Network on Economic Modeling (SANEM), 1212 Dhaka, Bangladesh)

  • Zubayer Hossen

    (South Asian Network on Economic Modeling (SANEM), 1212 Dhaka, Bangladesh)

Abstract

We examine the similarities and differences of specific deltaic areas in parallel, under the project DEltas, vulnerability and Climate Change: Migration and Adaptation (DECCMA). The main reason for studying Deltas is their potential vulnerability to climate change and sea level rise, which generates important challenges for livelihoods. We provide insights into the current socioeconomic and biophysical states of the Volta Delta (Ghana), Mahanadi Delta (India) and Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (India and Bangladesh). Hybrid methods of input-output (IO) construction are used to develop environmentally extended IO models for comparing the economic characteristics of these delta regions with the rest of the country. The main sources of data for regionalization were country level census data, statistics and economic surveys and data on consumption, trade, agricultural production and fishing harvests. The Leontief demand-driven model is used to analyze land use in the agricultural sector of the Delta and to track the links with final demand. In addition, the Hypothetical Extraction Method is used to evaluate the importance of the hypothetical disappearance of a sector (e.g., agriculture). The results show that, in the case of the Indian deltas, more than 60% of the cropland and pasture land is devoted to satisfying demands from regions outside the delta. While in the case of the Bangladeshi and Ghanaian deltas, close to 70% of the area harvested is linked to internal demand. The results also indicate that the services, trade and transportation sectors represent 50% of the GDP in the deltas. Still, agriculture, an activity directly exposed to climate change, plays a relevant role in the deltas’ economies—we have estimated that the complete disappearance of this activity would entail GDP losses ranging from 18 to 32%.

Suggested Citation

  • Ignacio Cazcarro & Iñaki Arto & Somnath Hazra & Rabindra Nath Bhattacharya & Prince Osei-Wusu Adjei & Patrick K. Ofori-Danson & Joseph K. Asenso & Samuel K. Amponsah & Bazlul Khondker & Selim Raihan &, 2018. "Biophysical and Socioeconomic State and Links of Deltaic Areas Vulnerable to Climate Change: Volta (Ghana), Mahanadi (India) and Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (India and Bangladesh)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-22, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:10:y:2018:i:3:p:893-:d:137215
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    1. Waleed Abbas & Islam Hamdi, 2022. "Satellite-Based Discrimination of Urban Dynamics-Induced Local Bias from Day/Night Temperature Trends across the Nile Delta, Egypt: A Basis for Climate Change Impacts Assessment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-25, November.
    2. M. Anwar Hossen & Md. Arif Chowdhury & Asha Hans & Cynthia Addoquaye Tagoe & Andrew Allan & Winfred Nelson & Amrita Patel & M. Shahjahan Mondal & Mashfiqus Salehin & Ruth M. Quaye & Shouvik Das, 2019. "Governance Challenges in Addressing Climatic Concerns in Coastal Asia and Africa," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-17, April.

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