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A Multivariate Approach to a Meta-Analytic Review of the Effectiveness of the D.A.R.E. Program

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  • Wei Pan

    (Division of Educational Studies and Leadership, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210049, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA)

  • Haiyan Bai

    (Department of Educational Research, Technology, and Leadership, University of Central Florida, P.O. Box 161250, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA)

Abstract

The Drug Abuse Resistance Education (D.A.R.E.) program is a widespread but controversial school-based drug prevention program in the United States as well as in many other countries. The present multivariate meta-analysis reviewed 20 studies that assessed the effectiveness of the D.A.R.E. program in the United States. The results showed that the effects of the D.A.R.E. program on drug use did not vary across the studies with a less than small overall effect while the effects on psychosocial behavior varied with still a less than small overall effect. In addition, the characteristics of the studies significantly explained the variation of the heterogeneous effects on psychosocial behavior, which provides empirical evidence for improving the school-based drug prevention program.

Suggested Citation

  • Wei Pan & Haiyan Bai, 2009. "A Multivariate Approach to a Meta-Analytic Review of the Effectiveness of the D.A.R.E. Program," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 6(1), pages 1-11, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:6:y:2009:i:1:p:267-277:d:3849
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. West, S.L. & O'Neal, K.K., 2004. "Project D.A.R.E. outcome effectiveness revisited," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 94(6), pages 1027-1029.
    2. Ennett, S.T. & Tobler, N.S. & Ringwalt, C.L. & Flewelling, R.L., 1994. "How effective is drug abuse resistance education? A meta-analysis of project DARE outcome evaluations," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 84(9), pages 1394-1401.
    3. Gorman, D.M., 1995. "The effectiveness of DARE and other drug use prevention programs," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 85(6), pages 873-874.
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    Cited by:

    1. Mir M. Ali & Debra S. Dwyer & Elizabeth A. Vanner & Alexander Lopez, 2010. "Adolescent Propensity to Engage in Health Risky Behaviors: The Role of Individual Resilience," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 7(5), pages 1-16, May.

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