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Transitioning Island Energy Systems—Local Conditions, Development Phases, and Renewable Energy Integration

Author

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  • Hannah Mareike Marczinkowski

    (Department of Planning, Aalborg University, Rendsburggade 14, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark)

  • Poul Alberg Østergaard

    (Department of Planning, Aalborg University, Rendsburggade 14, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark)

  • Søren Roth Djørup

    (Department of Planning, Aalborg University, Rendsburggade 14, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark)

Abstract

Islands typically have sensitive energy systems depending on natural surroundings, but innovative technologies and the exploitation of renewable energy (RE) sources present opportunities like self-sufficiency, but also challenges, such as grid instability. Samsø, Orkney, and Madeira are in the transition to increase the RE share towards 100%—however, this is addressed in different ways depending on the local conditions and current development phases in the transition. Scenarios focusing on the short-term introduction of new technologies in the energy systems are presented, where the electricity sector is coupled with the other energy sectors. Here, both smart grid and sector-integrating solutions form an important part in the next 5–15 years. The scenarios are analyzed using the modeling tool EnergyPLAN, enabling a comparison of today’s reference scenarios with 2030 scenarios of higher RE share. By including three islands across Europe, different locations, development stages, and interconnection levels are analyzed. The analyses suggest that the various smart grid solutions play an important part in the transition; however, local conditions, sector integration, and balancing technologies even more so. Overall, the suggestions complement each other and pave the way to reach 100% RE integration for both islands and, potentially, other similar regions.

Suggested Citation

  • Hannah Mareike Marczinkowski & Poul Alberg Østergaard & Søren Roth Djørup, 2019. "Transitioning Island Energy Systems—Local Conditions, Development Phases, and Renewable Energy Integration," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-20, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:18:p:3484-:d:265750
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    8. Pombo, Daniel Vázquez & Martinez-Rico, Jon & Spataru, Sergiu V. & Bindner, Henrik W. & Sørensen, Poul E., 2023. "Decarbonizing energy islands with flexibility-enabling planning: The case of Santiago, Cape Verde," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 176(C).
    9. Henning Meschede & Paul Bertheau & Siavash Khalili & Christian Breyer, 2022. "A review of 100% renewable energy scenarios on islands," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 11(6), November.
    10. Hannah Mareike Marczinkowski & Luísa Barros, 2020. "Technical Approaches and Institutional Alignment to 100% Renewable Energy System Transition of Madeira Island—Electrification, Smart Energy and the Required Flexible Market Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-22, August.
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    14. Søren Djørup & Karl Sperling & Steffen Nielsen & Poul Alborg Østergaard & Jakob Zinck Thellufsen & Peter Sorknæs & Henrik Lund & David Drysdale, 2020. "District Heating Tariffs, Economic Optimisation and Local Strategies during Radical Technological Change," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-15, March.
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