IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/far/spaeco/y2020i3p76-108.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Transformation of Socio-Cultural Factors Impacting on the External Labour Migration in Uzbekistan

Author

Listed:
  • Ksenia Andreevna Bondarenko

    (Global Markets Research, ANCOR Hi-Tech, LLC
    National Research University Higher School of Economics)

Abstract

According to the Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations of the Republic of Uzbekistan external labor migrants’ share corresponds to approximately 22% of the country’s entire labor force. In 1991–2019 Uzbekistan economy went through four stages each determined by certain demographic, economic, political and other factors impacting on the formation of external labour migration at the macro-level. These stages reflect the following: a) transition from a centrally planned to a market economy against the background of higher migration outflows for permanent residence abroad in 1990–2000, b) acceleration of economic growth in 2000–2009 and subsequent formation of migrant networks abroad, c) a period of GDP growth slowdown in the absence of structural reforms to promote employment and investment in 2010–2015 that contributed to increasing labor migration, and d) the stage of new socio-economic reforms and closer attention of the Uzbekistan authorities to migration processes. The study takes into account this macroeconomic environment, but the focus is shifting to the causes for a change in migration processes from the standpoint of poorly described socio-cultural factors that affect external labor migration and reintegration of returning economic migrants in Uzbekistan. The research is based on the reports on external labor migration and employment of the Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the publications of international organizations as well as in-depth interviews with migrants and members of their families. The study reveals that the change in the socio-cultural context in 2006–2019 contributed to the expansion of geography of migration from Uzbekistan, the emergence of migration feminization and rejuvenation phenomena amid the elements of egalitarianism in the initially patriarchal society and also it assessed the migration success in terms of re-migration and the ability of migrants to reintegrate into community upon returning home. It is shown that stimulating as well as contraining of migration processes in Uzbekistan are based on micro-sociums specifics

Suggested Citation

  • Ksenia Andreevna Bondarenko, 2020. "Transformation of Socio-Cultural Factors Impacting on the External Labour Migration in Uzbekistan," Spatial Economics=Prostranstvennaya Ekonomika, Economic Research Institute, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences (Khabarovsk, Russia), issue 3, pages 76-108.
    • Handle: RePEc:far:spaeco:y:2020:i:3:p:76-108
    DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.14530/se.2020.3.076-108
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.spatial-economics.com/images/spatial-econimics/2020_3/SE.2020.3.076-108.Bondarenko.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: http://spatial-economics.com/eng/arkhiv-nomerov/2020/108-2020-3/970-SE-2020-3-76-108
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/https://dx.doi.org/10.14530/se.2020.3.076-108?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Filiz Garip, 2008. "Social capital and migration: How do similar resources lead to divergent outcomes?," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 45(3), pages 591-617, August.
    2. Chepel, S. & Bondarenko, K., 2015. "Is the External Labor Migration an Economic Growth Factor: Econometric Analysis and Policy Implications for the CIS Countries," Journal of the New Economic Association, New Economic Association, vol. 28(4), pages 142-166.
    3. Zhao, Yaohui, 1999. "Labor Migration and Earnings Differences: The Case of Rural China," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 47(4), pages 767-782, July.
    4. Everett Lee, 1966. "A theory of migration," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 3(1), pages 47-57, March.
    5. Amelie Constant & Douglas S. Massey, 2003. "Self-selection, earnings, and out-migration: A longitudinal study of immigrants to Germany," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 16(4), pages 631-653, November.
    6. Otrachshenko, Vladimir & Popova, Olga, 2014. "Life (dis)satisfaction and the intention to migrate: Evidence from Central and Eastern Europe," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 40-49.
    7. Stark, Oded, 2003. "Tales of Migration without Wage Differentials: Individual, Family, and Community Contexts," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, issue 2, pages 79-92.
    8. Bowles, Samuel, 1970. "Migration as Investment: Empirical Tests of the Human Investment Approach to Geographical Mobility," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 52(4), pages 356-362, November.
    9. Daniel Chiquiar & Gordon H. Hanson, 2005. "International Migration, Self-Selection, and the Distribution of Wages: Evidence from Mexico and the United States," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 113(2), pages 239-281, April.
    10. Maria Ravlik, 2014. "Determinants Of International Migration: A Global Analysis," HSE Working papers WP BRP 52/SOC/2014, National Research University Higher School of Economics.
    11. Giulietti, Corrado & Wahba, Jackline & Zenou, Yves, 2018. "Strong versus weak ties in migration," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 111-137.
    12. Marina A. Kartseva & Polina O. Kuznetsova, 2020. "The economic consequences of the coronavirus pandemic: which groups will suffer more in terms of loss of employment and income?," Population and Economics, ARPHA Platform, vol. 4(2), pages 26-33, April.
    13. Larry A. Sjaastad, 1970. "The Costs and Returns of Human Migration," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: Harry W. Richardson (ed.), Regional Economics, chapter 9, pages 115-133, Palgrave Macmillan.
    14. John Giles & Kyeongwon Yoo, 2007. "Precautionary Behavior, Migrant Networks, and Household Consumption Decisions: An Empirical Analysis Using Household Panel Data from Rural China," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 89(3), pages 534-551, August.
    15. Stark, Oded & Levhari, David, 1982. "On Migration and Risk in LDCs," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 31(1), pages 191-196, October.
    16. Erin Trouth Hofmann & Cynthia J. Buckley, 2013. "Global Changes and Gendered Responses: The Feminization of Migration From Georgia," International Migration Review, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 47(3), pages 508-538, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. K. A. Bondarenko, 2021. "Labor Migration From Uzbekistan: a Family and Community Promoted Big Bang," Regional Research of Russia, Springer, vol. 11(2), pages 273-284, April.
    2. Hagen-Zanker, Jessica, 2010. "Modest expectations: Causes and effects of migration on migrant households in source countries," MPRA Paper 29507, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Anna Katharina Raggl, 2019. "Migration intentions in CESEE: sociodemographic profiles of prospective emigrants and their motives for moving," Focus on European Economic Integration, Oesterreichische Nationalbank (Austrian Central Bank), issue Q1/19, pages 49-67.
    4. Mekonnen Beyene, Berhe, 2011. "Determinants of Internal and International Migration in Ethiopia," Memorandum 24/2011, Oslo University, Department of Economics.
    5. Jennifer Hunt, 2004. "Are migrants more skilled than non-migrants? Repeat, return, and same-employer migrants," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 37(4), pages 830-849, November.
    6. Sílvio Rendon & Alfredo Cuecuecha, 2010. "International job search: Mexicans in and out of the US," Review of Economics of the Household, Springer, vol. 8(1), pages 53-82, March.
    7. Otrachshenko, Vladimir & Popova, Olga, 2014. "Life (dis)satisfaction and the intention to migrate: Evidence from Central and Eastern Europe," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 40-49.
    8. Thomas Liebig & Alfonso Sousa-Poza, 2003. "How does income inequality influence international migration?," ERSA conference papers ersa03p472, European Regional Science Association.
    9. Martin Dribe & Björn Eriksson & Jonas Helgertz, 2023. "From Sweden to America: migrant selection in the transatlantic migration, 1890–1910," European Review of Economic History, European Historical Economics Society, vol. 27(1), pages 24-44.
    10. McKenzie, David J., 2006. "A profile of the world's young developing country migrants," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4021, The World Bank.
    11. Christian Dustmann & Francesco Fasani & Xin Meng & Luigi Minale, 2023. "Risk Attitudes and Household Migration Decisions," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 58(1), pages 112-145.
    12. Bik Kai Sia, 2017. "Intention to Migrate Among International Muslim Students in Malaysia," GATR Journals gjbssr501, Global Academy of Training and Research (GATR) Enterprise.
    13. Emily Rauscher & Byeongdon Oh, 2021. "Going Places: Effects of Early U.S. Compulsory Schooling Laws on Internal Migration," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 40(2), pages 255-283, April.
    14. Yuyu Chen & Ginger Zhe Jin & Yang Yue, 2024. "Peer Migration in China," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 86(2), pages 257-313, April.
    15. Sihong Xiong & Ya Wu & Shihai Wu & Fang Chen & Jianzhong Yan, 2020. "Determinants of migration decision-making for rural households: a case study in Chongqing, China," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 104(2), pages 1623-1639, November.
    16. Chuanmin Zhao & Xi Qu, 2022. "Social networks and internal migration in China: A spatial autoregressive model," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 26(2), pages 1132-1163, May.
    17. Zaiceva, A. & Zimmermann, K.F., 2016. "Migration and the Demographic Shift," Handbook of the Economics of Population Aging, in: Piggott, John & Woodland, Alan (ed.), Handbook of the Economics of Population Aging, edition 1, volume 1, chapter 0, pages 119-177, Elsevier.
    18. Fakih, Ali & El Baba, Malak, 2023. "The Decision to Emigrate in Six MENA Countries: The Role of Post-Revolutionary Stress," IZA Discussion Papers 15933, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    19. Sara Binassi & Giovanni Guidetti & Mariele Macaluso & Giulio Pedrini, 2021. "Assessing selection patterns and wage differentials of high-skilled migrants. Evidence from Italian graduates working abroad," QUADERNI DI ECONOMIA DEL LAVORO, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 0(113), pages 83-115.
    20. Piil Damm, Anna, 2005. "Immigrants’ Location Preferences: Exploiting a Natural Experiment," Working Papers 05-2, University of Aarhus, Aarhus School of Business, Department of Economics.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    labor migration; micro-community; socio-cultural factors; migration feminization; re-migration; reintegration of labor migrants; the Republic of Uzbekistan;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F22 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Migration
    • J61 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Geographic Labor Mobility; Immigrant Workers
    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:far:spaeco:y:2020:i:3:p:76-108. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sergey Rogov (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/ecrinru.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.