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Il valore economico dell?immigrazione

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  • Giulia Bettin

Abstract

L?articolo analizza il contributo economico dell?immigrazione in Italia. La prima parte della trattazione muove dalla percezione generale dell?incidenza del feno-meno e delle sue conseguenze socio-economiche per la societ? italiana ed europea. Secondo i dati Eurobarometro, per entrambi gli aspetti prevale una percezione di-storta, soprattutto in Italia, con un diffuso atteggiamento negativo nei confronti dell?immigrazione, che avrebbe impatti negativi su criminalit?, mercato del lavoro e welfare. L?evidenza fornita dalla letteratura economica tuttavia offre un quadro diverso. Per quanto riguarda la relazione con la criminalit?, non si osserva alcun nesso di-retto di causalit? dell?intensificarsi dei flussi in ingresso sull?aumento dei tassi di criminalit?, n? in Italia n? a livello internazionale. Nel mercato del lavoro, le con-seguenze per i lavoratori nativi derivanti dall?afflusso di forza lavoro straniera sono per lo pi? positive, principalmente connesse con i fenomeni di crescente seg-mentazione dell?occupazione. Lavoratori nativi e stranieri tendono infatti a specializzarsi in settori diversi e, all?interno dello stesso settore, in occupazioni diverse, con gli immigrati concentrati nelle mansioni a pi? bassa qualifica. In termini di im-patto sulle finanze pubbliche, le stime esistenti mostrano come il contributo netto dell?immigrazione sia positivo, nonostante l?aumento dei costi dell?accoglienza dei richiedenti asilo in seguito all?emergenza registrata tra il 2014 e il 2016.

Suggested Citation

  • Giulia Bettin, 2019. "Il valore economico dell?immigrazione," PRISMA Economia - Societ? - Lavoro, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 2019(2), pages 12-30.
  • Handle: RePEc:fan:pripri:v:html10.3280/pri2019-002002
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