IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/rensus/v152y2021ics1364032121009783.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Higher 2nd life Lithium Titanate battery content in hybrid energy storage systems lowers environmental-economic impact and balances eco-efficiency

Author

Listed:
  • Koh, S.C.L.
  • Smith, L.
  • Miah, J.
  • Astudillo, D.
  • Eufrasio, R.M.
  • Gladwin, D.
  • Brown, S.
  • Stone, D.

Abstract

Energy exchange technologies will play an important role in the transition towards localised, sustainable energy supply. Hybrid energy storage systems, using different energy storage technologies, are currently under investigation to improve their technical performance and environmental sustainability. However, there is currently no exploration of the environmental benefits and economic feasibility of hybrid energy storage systems combining 1st and 2nd life batteries and battery electric vehicles. To determine the environmental and economic impacts of this type of hybrid energy storage system, this research employs a three-tier circularity assessment incorporating Life Cycle Assessment, Techno Economic Analysis and an Eco-Efficiency Index, from cradle-to-grave, of 43 techno-hybridisations of four 1st and 2nd life battery technologies; Lithium Titanate, Lead-acid, Lithium Iron Phosphate and Sodium-ion, with battery electric vehicles. The results of the life cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis show that a hybrid energy storage system configuration containing a low proportion of 1st life Lithium Titanate and battery electric vehicle battery technologies with a high proportion of 2nd life Lithium Titanate batteries minimises the environmental and economic impacts and provides a high eco-efficiency. The results of the eco-efficiency index show that a hybrid energy storage system configuration containing equal proportions of 1st and 2nd life Lithium Titanate and BEV battery technologies is the most eco-efficient. This research highlights the environmental and economic benefits of the use of Lithium Titanate battery technologies within novel hybrid energy storage systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Koh, S.C.L. & Smith, L. & Miah, J. & Astudillo, D. & Eufrasio, R.M. & Gladwin, D. & Brown, S. & Stone, D., 2021. "Higher 2nd life Lithium Titanate battery content in hybrid energy storage systems lowers environmental-economic impact and balances eco-efficiency," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:152:y:2021:i:c:s1364032121009783
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.111704
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032121009783
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.rser.2021.111704?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Zhao, Yang & Noori, Mehdi & Tatari, Omer, 2016. "Vehicle to Grid regulation services of electric delivery trucks: Economic and environmental benefit analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 161-175.
    2. Mai K. Tran & Marco-Tulio F. Rodrigues & Keiko Kato & Ganguli Babu & Pulickel M. Ajayan, 2019. "Deep eutectic solvents for cathode recycling of Li-ion batteries," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 4(4), pages 339-345, April.
    3. Byoungwoo Kang & Gerbrand Ceder, 2009. "Battery materials for ultrafast charging and discharging," Nature, Nature, vol. 458(7235), pages 190-193, March.
    4. Chris Hope & Mat Hope, 2013. "The social cost of CO2 in a low-growth world," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 3(8), pages 722-724, August.
    5. Björn Nykvist & Måns Nilsson, 2015. "Rapidly falling costs of battery packs for electric vehicles," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 5(4), pages 329-332, April.
    6. Guannan He & Qixin Chen & Panayiotis Moutis & Soummya Kar & Jay F. Whitacre, 2018. "An intertemporal decision framework for electrochemical energy storage management," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 3(5), pages 404-412, May.
    7. Shi-Jie Yuan & Jie-Jie Chen & Zhi-Qi Lin & Wen-Wei Li & Guo-Ping Sheng & Han-Qing Yu, 2013. "Nitrate formation from atmospheric nitrogen and oxygen photocatalysed by nano-sized titanium dioxide," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 4(1), pages 1-7, October.
    8. Martinez-Laserna, E. & Gandiaga, I. & Sarasketa-Zabala, E. & Badeda, J. & Stroe, D.-I. & Swierczynski, M. & Goikoetxea, A., 2018. "Battery second life: Hype, hope or reality? A critical review of the state of the art," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 701-718.
    9. Khan, Mohammad Junaid & Yadav, Amit Kumar & Mathew, Lini, 2017. "Techno economic feasibility analysis of different combinations of PV-Wind-Diesel-Battery hybrid system for telecommunication applications in different cities of Punjab, India," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 577-607.
    10. Smith, Lucy & Ibn-Mohammed, Taofeeq & Koh, S.C. Lenny & Reaney, Ian M., 2018. "Life cycle assessment and environmental profile evaluations of high volumetric efficiency capacitors," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C), pages 496-513.
    11. Meshram, Pratima & Pandey, B.D. & Abhilash,, 2019. "Perspective of availability and sustainable recycling prospects of metals in rechargeable batteries – A resource overview," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 9-22.
    12. Spanos, Constantine & Turney, Damon E. & Fthenakis, Vasilis, 2015. "Life-cycle analysis of flow-assisted nickel zinc-, manganese dioxide-, and valve-regulated lead-acid batteries designed for demand-charge reduction," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 478-494.
    13. Goel, Sonali & Sharma, Renu, 2017. "Performance evaluation of stand alone, grid connected and hybrid renewable energy systems for rural application: A comparative review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 1378-1389.
    14. Mulvaney, Dustin & Richards, Ryan M. & Bazilian, Morgan D. & Hensley, Erin & Clough, Greg & Sridhar, Seetharaman, 2021. "Progress towards a circular economy in materials to decarbonize electricity and mobility," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    15. Vandepaer, Laurent & Cloutier, Julie & Amor, Ben, 2017. "Environmental impacts of Lithium Metal Polymer and Lithium-ion stationary batteries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 46-60.
    16. Campos-Guzmán, Verónica & García-Cáscales, M. Socorro & Espinosa, Nieves & Urbina, Antonio, 2019. "Life Cycle Analysis with Multi-Criteria Decision Making: A review of approaches for the sustainability evaluation of renewable energy technologies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 343-366.
    17. Xuebing Han & Minggao Ouyang & Languang Lu & Jianqiu Li, 2014. "Cycle Life of Commercial Lithium-Ion Batteries with Lithium Titanium Oxide Anodes in Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(8), pages 1-15, July.
    18. A. Lake & A. Acquaye & A. Genovese & N. Kumar & S.C.L. Koh, 2015. "An application of hybrid life cycle assessment as a decision support framework for green supply chains," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 53(21), pages 6495-6521, November.
    19. Gough, Rebecca & Dickerson, Charles & Rowley, Paul & Walsh, Chris, 2017. "Vehicle-to-grid feasibility: A techno-economic analysis of EV-based energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C), pages 12-23.
    20. Tiefeng Liu & Yaping Zhang & Chao Chen & Zhan Lin & Shanqing Zhang & Jun Lu, 2019. "Sustainability-inspired cell design for a fully recyclable sodium ion battery," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-7, December.
    21. Lee, Rachel & Homan, Samuel & Mac Dowell, Niall & Brown, Solomon, 2019. "A closed-loop analysis of grid scale battery systems providing frequency response and reserve services in a variable inertia grid," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 236(C), pages 961-972.
    22. Richa, Kirti & Babbitt, Callie W. & Gaustad, Gabrielle & Wang, Xue, 2014. "A future perspective on lithium-ion battery waste flows from electric vehicles," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 63-76.
    23. Eltoumi, Fouad M. & Becherif, Mohamed & Djerdir, Abdesslem & Ramadan, Haitham.S., 2021. "The key issues of electric vehicle charging via hybrid power sources: Techno-economic viability, analysis, and recommendations," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    24. Rebecca E. Ciez & J. F. Whitacre, 2019. "Examining different recycling processes for lithium-ion batteries," Nature Sustainability, Nature, vol. 2(2), pages 148-156, February.
    25. Bood, Robert & Postma, Theo, 1997. "Strategic learning with scenarios," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 15(6), pages 633-647, December.
    26. Peters, Jens F. & Baumann, Manuel & Zimmermann, Benedikt & Braun, Jessica & Weil, Marcel, 2017. "The environmental impact of Li-Ion batteries and the role of key parameters – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 491-506.
    27. Heymans, Catherine & Walker, Sean B. & Young, Steven B. & Fowler, Michael, 2014. "Economic analysis of second use electric vehicle batteries for residential energy storage and load-levelling," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 22-30.
    28. Huss, William R., 1988. "A move toward scenario analysis," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 4(3), pages 377-388.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Zhou, Yuekuan, 2022. "Incentivising multi-stakeholders’ proactivity and market vitality for spatiotemporal microgrids in Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Bay Area," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 328(C).
    2. Dariusz Masłowski & Ewa Kulińska & Łukasz Krzewicki, 2023. "Alternative Methods of Replacing Electric Batteries in Public Transport Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-22, August.
    3. Shiqiang Sun & Yujia Liu, 2023. "Data-Driven Eco-Efficiency Analysis and Improvement in the Logistics Industry in Anhui," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(6), pages 1-16, March.
    4. Colarullo, Linda & Thakur, Jagruti, 2022. "Second-life EV batteries for stationary storage applications in Local Energy Communities," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Kuang, Yanqing & Chen, Yang & Hu, Mengqi & Yang, Dong, 2017. "Influence analysis of driver behavior and building category on economic performance of electric vehicle to grid and building integration," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 207(C), pages 427-437.
    2. Nguyen-Tien, Viet & Dai, Qiang & Harper, Gavin D.J. & Anderson, Paul A. & Elliott, Robert J.R., 2022. "Optimising the geospatial configuration of a future lithium ion battery recycling industry in the transition to electric vehicles and a circular economy," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 321(C).
    3. Song, Ziyou & Feng, Shuo & Zhang, Lei & Hu, Zunyan & Hu, Xiaosong & Yao, Rui, 2019. "Economy analysis of second-life battery in wind power systems considering battery degradation in dynamic processes: Real case scenarios," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C), pages 1-1.
    4. Daniele Stampatori & Pier Paolo Raimondi & Michel Noussan, 2020. "Li-Ion Batteries: A Review of a Key Technology for Transport Decarbonization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-23, May.
    5. Desreveaux, A. & Bouscayrol, A. & Trigui, R. & Hittinger, E. & Castex, E. & Sirbu, G.M., 2023. "Accurate energy consumption for comparison of climate change impact of thermal and electric vehicles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).
    6. Tharsis Teoh & Oliver Kunze & Chee-Chong Teo & Yiik Diew Wong, 2018. "Decarbonisation of Urban Freight Transport Using Electric Vehicles and Opportunity Charging," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-20, September.
    7. Marit Mohr & Jens F. Peters & Manuel Baumann & Marcel Weil, 2020. "Toward a cell‐chemistry specific life cycle assessment of lithium‐ion battery recycling processes," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 24(6), pages 1310-1322, December.
    8. Angela Malara & Fabiola Pantò & Saveria Santangelo & Pier Luigi Antonucci & Michele Fiore & Gianluca Longoni & Riccardo Ruffo & Patrizia Frontera, 2021. "Comparative life cycle assessment of Fe2O3-based fibers as anode materials for sodium-ion batteries," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(5), pages 6786-6799, May.
    9. Shahjalal, Mohammad & Roy, Probir Kumar & Shams, Tamanna & Fly, Ashley & Chowdhury, Jahedul Islam & Ahmed, Md. Rishad & Liu, Kailong, 2022. "A review on second-life of Li-ion batteries: prospects, challenges, and issues," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 241(C).
    10. Wang, Mengmeng & Liu, Kang & Dutta, Shanta & Alessi, Daniel S. & Rinklebe, Jörg & Ok, Yong Sik & Tsang, Daniel C.W., 2022. "Recycling of lithium iron phosphate batteries: Status, technologies, challenges, and prospects," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 163(C).
    11. Lefeng, Shi & Shengnan, Lv & Chunxiu, Liu & Yue, Zhou & Cipcigan, Liana & Acker, Thomas L., 2020. "A framework for electric vehicle power supply chain development," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    12. Cox, Brian & Bauer, Christian & Mendoza Beltran, Angelica & van Vuuren, Detlef P. & Mutel, Christopher L., 2020. "Life cycle environmental and cost comparison of current and future passenger cars under different energy scenarios," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    13. Ridha, Hussein Mohammed & Gomes, Chandima & Hizam, Hashim & Ahmadipour, Masoud & Heidari, Ali Asghar & Chen, Huiling, 2021. "Multi-objective optimization and multi-criteria decision-making methods for optimal design of standalone photovoltaic system: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    14. Christian Aichberger & Gerfried Jungmeier, 2020. "Environmental Life Cycle Impacts of Automotive Batteries Based on a Literature Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-27, December.
    15. Wu, Wei & Lin, Boqiang, 2018. "Application value of energy storage in power grid: A special case of China electricity market," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(PB), pages 1191-1199.
    16. Emanuele Michelini & Patrick Höschele & Florian Ratz & Michael Stadlbauer & Werner Rom & Christian Ellersdorfer & Jörg Moser, 2023. "Potential and Most Promising Second-Life Applications for Automotive Lithium-Ion Batteries Considering Technical, Economic and Legal Aspects," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-21, March.
    17. Abhi Chatterjee & Daniel Burmester & Alan Brent & Ramesh Rayudu, 2019. "Research Insights and Knowledge Headways for Developing Remote, Off-Grid Microgrids in Developing Countries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-19, May.
    18. Harper, Gavin D.J. & Kendrick, Emma & Anderson, Paul A. & Mrozik, Wojciech & Christensen, Paul & Lambert, Simon & Greenwood, David & Das, Prodip K. & Ahmeid, Mohamed & Milojevic, Zoran & Du, Wenjia & , 2023. "Roadmap for a sustainable circular economy in lithium-ion and future battery technologies," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 118420, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    19. Keuchel, Stephan & Jacobs, Leif & Laurenz, Karolyn, 2019. "Owners of energy-efficient houses as a target group for sustainable electric mobility," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 254-262.
    20. Qiujie Sun & Jingyu Zhou & Zhou Lan & Xiangyang Ma, 2023. "The Economic Influence of Energy Storage Construction in the Context of New Power Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-16, February.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:152:y:2021:i:c:s1364032121009783. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/600126/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.