Study on bi-direction pedestrian flow using cellular automata simulation

A simulation of bi-direction pedestrian flow based on cellular automata (CA) will be presented from two aspects: direction split and pedestrians’ walking habit in this paper. The simulation uses Dynamic Parameters Model (DPM) to simplify tactically the decision-making process of pedestrians in their movements. A new parameter right-hand parameter is introduced to describe the pedestrians’ walking preference. The relationships of velocity–density and flow–density will be studied and analyzed. It is found that there are phase transitions at the critical density point, and the pedestrian flow shows distinctive characteristics at different phases with different relationships of velocity–density and flow–density. It is also found that direction split and pedestrians’ walking habit affect the value of critical density point and the figures of velocity–density and volume–density curves. In conclusion, the simulation can reflect and describe some pedestrian flow self-organization phenomena and transition trend of empirical pedestrian flow curves.