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Experimental study and numerical simulation of evacuation from a dormitory

Author

Listed:
  • Lei, Wenjun
  • Li, Angui
  • Gao, Ran
  • Zhou, Ning
  • Mei, Sen
  • Tian, Zhenguo

Abstract

The evacuation process of students from a dormitory is investigated by both experiment and modeling. We investigate the video record of pedestrian movement in a dormitory, and find some typical characteristics of evacuation, including continuous pedestrian flow, mass behavior and so on. Based on the experimental observation, we found that simulation results considering pre-movement time are closer to the experimental results. With the model considering pre-movement time, we simulate the evacuation process and compare the simulation results with the experimental results, and find that they agree with each other closely. The crowd massing phenomenon is conducted in this paper. It is found that different crowd massing phenomena will emerge due to different desired velocities. The crowd massing phenomenon could be more serious with the increase of the desired velocity. In this study, we also found the faster-is-slower effect. When the positive effect produced by increasing the desired velocity is not sufficient for making up for its negative effect, the phenomenon of the greater the desired velocity the longer the time required for evacuation will emerge. From the video record, it can be observed that the mass behavior is obvious during the evacuation process. And the mass phenomenon could also be found in simulation. The results obtained from our study are also suitable to all these buildings in which both living and resting areas occupy the majority space, such as dormitories, residential buildings, hotels (restaurants) and so on.

Suggested Citation

  • Lei, Wenjun & Li, Angui & Gao, Ran & Zhou, Ning & Mei, Sen & Tian, Zhenguo, 2012. "Experimental study and numerical simulation of evacuation from a dormitory," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 391(21), pages 5189-5196.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:391:y:2012:i:21:p:5189-5196
    DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2012.05.056
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Ma, Liang & Chen, Bin & Wang, Xiaodong & Zhu, Zhengqiu & Wang, Rongxiao & Qiu, Xiaogang, 2019. "The analysis on the desired speed in social force model using a data driven approach," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 525(C), pages 894-911.
    3. Lei, Wenjun & Li, Angui & Gao, Ran & Wang, Xiaowei, 2012. "Influences of exit and stair conditions on human evacuation in a dormitory," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 391(24), pages 6279-6286.
    4. Ji, Jingwei & Lu, Ligang & Jin, Zihao & Wei, Shoupeng & Ni, Lu, 2018. "A cellular automata model for high-density crowd evacuation using triangle grids," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 509(C), pages 1034-1045.
    5. Yongjoo Kim & Dongin Park & Soobin Kim & Dongho Rie, 2023. "A Study on the Quantitative Fire Performance Evaluation Method of Building Finishing Materials with a Focus on Medical Facilities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-19, June.

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