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The influence of contract prices and relationships on appraisal bias

Author

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  • Eriksen, Michael D.
  • Fout, Hamilton B.
  • Palim, Mark
  • Rosenblatt, Eric

Abstract

A new measure is introduced to analyze the mechanism and extent of appraisal bias of residential property. The primary source of bias identified is in the weights appraisers assign to selected comparable transactions after adjusting for observable attributes. This unequal weighting results in an additional 23% of appraised values being at least equal to contract price. Appraisers were also more likely to bias appraised values for the properties associated with loan officers and real estate brokers they worked with more frequently. These findings offer insights into how appraisers confirmed ever increasing prices leading in to the housing market crash and subsequent Great Recession.

Suggested Citation

  • Eriksen, Michael D. & Fout, Hamilton B. & Palim, Mark & Rosenblatt, Eric, 2019. "The influence of contract prices and relationships on appraisal bias," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 132-143.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:juecon:v:111:y:2019:i:c:p:132-143
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jue.2019.04.007
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Hamilton Fout & Nuno Mota & Eric Rosenblatt, 2022. "When Appraisers Go Low, Contracts Go Lower: The Impact of Expert Opinions on Transaction Prices," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 65(3), pages 451-491, October.
    2. Mayock, Tom & Tzioumis, Konstantinos, 2021. "New construction and mortgage default," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    3. Robert J. Hill & Miriam Steurer, 2020. "Commercial Property Price Indices and Indicators: Review and Discussion of Issues Raised in the CPPI Statistical Report of Eurostat (2017)," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 66(3), pages 736-751, September.
    4. C. O. Iroham & M. E. Emetere & H. I. Okagbue & O. Ogunkoya & O. D. Durodola & N. J. Peter & O. M. Akinwale, 2019. "Modified Pricing Model for Negotiation of Mortgage Valuation Between Estate Surveyors and Valuers and Their Clients," Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, Springer;Global Institute of Flexible Systems Management, vol. 20(4), pages 337-347, December.
    5. James N. Conklin & N. Edward Coulson & Moussa Diop, 2023. "Distressed comps," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 51(1), pages 170-195, January.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Mortgage lending; Collateral; Valuation; Big data;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • K11 - Law and Economics - - Basic Areas of Law - - - Property Law
    • L85 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Real Estate Services
    • R31 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Real Estate Markets, Spatial Production Analysis, and Firm Location - - - Housing Supply and Markets

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