IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/iburev/v32y2023i4s0969593123000343.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Impact of TMT structural power asymmetry on family firm internationalization

Author

Listed:
  • Kerai, Anita
  • Kumar, Vikas
  • Singla, Chitra

Abstract

We examine the impact of the top management team’s (TMT) structural power asymmetry on a family firm’s degree of internationalization. Structural power is the administrative power drawn from formal positions and is different from ownership power. We argue that family identity creates a faultline between the family and non-family managers in the family firm’s TMT. This faultline gets strengthened when the family managers skew ‘structural power’ toward themselves (termed as ‘family structural power concentration’), leading to poor team integration and cooperation among family and non-family managers. Resultantly, family firms are unable to leverage the knowledge, expertise, and network of the non-family managers in the firm’s TMT for the firm’s internationalization attempts. We hypothesize a negative relationship between ‘family structural power concentration’ and the ‘firm’s degree of internationalization’. Further, we argue that this relationship is moderated by environmental dynamism and competitive intensity. Our findings have implications for research and practice.

Suggested Citation

  • Kerai, Anita & Kumar, Vikas & Singla, Chitra, 2023. "Impact of TMT structural power asymmetry on family firm internationalization," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 32(4).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:iburev:v:32:y:2023:i:4:s0969593123000343
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ibusrev.2023.102134
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969593123000343
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2023.102134?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Tarun Khanna & Jan W. Rivkin, 2001. "Estimating the performance effects of business groups in emerging markets," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 22(1), pages 45-74, January.
    2. Cuervo-Cazurra, Alvaro, 2008. "The multinationalization of developing country MNEs: The case of multilatinas," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 14(2), pages 138-154, June.
    3. Kimberly A. Eddleston & Peter Jaskiewicz & Mike Wright, 2020. "Family firms and internationalization in the Asia-Pacific: the need for multi-level perspectives," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 37(2), pages 345-361, June.
    4. Baronchelli, Gianpaolo & Bettinelli, Cristina & Del Bosco, Barbara & Loane, Sharon, 2016. "The impact of family involvement on the investments of Italian small-medium enterprises in psychically distant countries," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 25(4), pages 960-970.
    5. Fynn-Willem Lohe & Andrea Calabrò & Mariateresa Torchia, 2021. "Disentangling the drivers of family firms internationalization through the lens of socioemotional wealth," Journal of International Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 19(4), pages 479-509, December.
    6. Nelson, James, 2005. "Corporate governance practices, CEO characteristics and firm performance," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 11(1-2), pages 197-228, March.
    7. D’Angelo, Alfredo & Majocchi, Antonio & Buck, Trevor, 2016. "External managers, family ownership and the scope of SME internationalization," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 51(4), pages 534-547.
    8. Sathyajit R. Gubbi & Preet S. Aulakh & Sougata Ray, 2015. "International Search Behavior of Business Group Affiliated Firms: Scope of Institutional Changes and Intragroup Heterogeneity," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 26(5), pages 1485-1501, October.
    9. William S. Schulze & Franz W. Kellermanns, 2015. "Reifying Socioemotional Wealth," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 39(3), pages 447-459, May.
    10. Elango, B., 1998. "An empirical examination of the influence of industry and firm drivers on the rate of internationalization by firms," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 4(3), pages 201-221, November.
    11. Jan Johanson & Jan-Erik Vahlne, 1977. "The Internationalization Process of the Firm—A Model of Knowledge Development and Increasing Foreign Market Commitments," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 8(1), pages 23-32, March.
    12. Jean-Luc Arregle & Francesco Chirico & Liena Kano & Sumit K. Kundu & Antonio Majocchi & William S. Schulze, 2021. "Correction to: Family firm internationalization: Past research and an agenda for the future," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 52(6), pages 1199-1199, August.
    13. Arpita Agnihotri & Saurabh Bhattacharya, 2019. "CEO Narcissism and Internationalization by Indian Firms," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 59(6), pages 889-918, December.
    14. Patricia Phillips McDougall & Jeffrey G. Covin & Richard B. Robinson & Lanny Herron, 1994. "The effects of industry growth and strategic breadth on new venture performance and strategy content," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 15(7), pages 537-554, September.
    15. A. Rebecca Reuber, 2016. "An Assemblage–Theoretic Perspective on the Internationalization Processes of Family Firms," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 40(6), pages 1269-1286, November.
    16. Luis Alfonso Dau, 2013. "Learning across geographic space: Pro-market reforms, multinationalization strategy, and profitability," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 44(3), pages 235-262, April.
    17. Salvatore Sciascia & Pietro Mazzola & Joseph Astrachan & Torsten Pieper, 2012. "The role of family ownership in international entrepreneurship: exploring nonlinear effects," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 38(1), pages 15-31, January.
    18. Heechun Kim & Robert E. Hoskisson & Seung-Hyun Lee, 2015. "Why strategic factor markets matter: “New” multinationals' geographic diversification and firm profitability," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 36(4), pages 518-536, April.
    19. S. Trevis Certo & John R. Busenbark & Hyun‐soo Woo & Matthew Semadeni, 2016. "Sample selection bias and Heckman models in strategic management research," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 37(13), pages 2639-2657, December.
    20. Metsola, Jaakko & Leppäaho, Tanja & Paavilainen-Mäntymäki, Eriikka & Plakoyiannaki, Emmanuella, 2020. "Process in family business internationalisation: The state of the art and ways forward," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 29(2).
    21. Matthew W. Rutherford & Donald F. Kuratko & Daniel T. Holt, 2008. "Examining the Link between “Familiness†and Performance: Can the F–PEC Untangle the Family Business Theory Jungle?," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 32(6), pages 1089-1109, November.
    22. Arindam Mondal & Somnath Lahiri & Sougata Ray, 2021. "Strategic Response to Inward Foreign Direct Investment: A Study of Indian Family Firms," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 61(2), pages 207-233, April.
    23. J. Stuart Bunderson & Ray E. Reagans, 2011. "Power, Status, and Learning in Organizations," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 22(5), pages 1182-1194, October.
    24. Jiangyong Lu & Xiaohui Liu & Mike Wright & Igor Filatotchev, 2014. "International experience and FDI location choices of Chinese firms: The moderating effects of home country government support and host country institutions," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 45(4), pages 428-449, May.
    25. Alayo, Mikel & Maseda, Amaia & Iturralde, Txomin & Arzubiaga, Unai, 2019. "Internationalization and entrepreneurial orientation of family SMEs: The influence of the family character," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 28(1), pages 48-59.
    26. Debellis, Francesco & Rondi, Emanuela & Plakoyiannaki, Emmanuella & De Massis, Alfredo, 2021. "Riding the waves of family firm internationalization: A systematic literature review, integrative framework, and research agenda," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 56(1).
    27. Francesco Chirico & Massimo Bau’, 2014. "Is the Family an “Asset” or “Liability” for Firm Performance? The Moderating Role of Environmental Dynamism," Journal of Small Business Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 52(2), pages 210-225, April.
    28. Adomako, Samuel & Amankwah-Amoah, Joseph & Dankwah, George Obeng & Danso, Albert & Donbesuur, Francis, 2019. "Institutional voids, international learning effort and internationalization of emerging market new ventures," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 25(4).
    29. Zahra, Shaker A., 2003. "International expansion of U.S. manufacturing family businesses: the effect of ownership and involvement," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 18(4), pages 495-512, July.
    30. Hanqinq “Chevy†Fang & Robert V.D.G. Randolph & Esra Memili & James J. Chrisman, 2016. "Does Size Matter? The Moderating Effects of Firm Size on the Employment of Nonfamily Managers in Privately Held Family SMEs," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 40(5), pages 1017-1039, September.
    31. Rafael La Porta & Florencio Lopez‐De‐Silanes & Andrei Shleifer, 1999. "Corporate Ownership Around the World," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 54(2), pages 471-517, April.
    32. Kraus, Sascha & Mensching, Helge & Calabrò, Andrea & Cheng, Cheng-Feng & Filser, Matthias, 2016. "Family firm internationalization: A configurational approach," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 69(11), pages 5473-5478.
    33. Shaker A. Zahra & Donald O. Neubaum & Morten Huse, 1997. "The Effect of the Environment on Export Performance among Telecommunications New Ventures," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 22(1), pages 25-46, October.
    34. Sascha Kraus & Tina Ambos & Felix Eggers & Beate Cesinger, 2015. "Distance and perceptions of risk in internationalization decisions," Post-Print hal-02011127, HAL.
    35. Sumon Kumar Bhaumik & Nigel Driffield & Sarmistha Pal, 2010. "Does ownership structure of emerging-market firms affect their outward FDI? The case of the Indian automotive and pharmaceutical sectors," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 41(3), pages 437-450, April.
    36. Dimitratos, Pavlos & Lioukas, Spyros & Carter, Sara, 2004. "The relationship between entrepreneurship and international performance: the importance of domestic environment," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 13(1), pages 19-41, February.
    37. Michael Lubatkin & Eric Gedajlovic & William S. Schulze, 2004. "Crossing the threshold from founder management to professional management : A governance perspective," Post-Print hal-02311640, HAL.
    38. Bin Ke & Xinshu Mao & Bin Wang & Luo Zuo, 2021. "Top Management Team Power in China: Measurement and Validation," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 67(10), pages 6602-6627, October.
    39. Ronald C. Anderson & David M. Reeb, 2003. "Founding-Family Ownership and Firm Performance: Evidence from the S&P 500," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 58(3), pages 1301-1327, June.
    40. Jean-Luc Arrègle & Patricio Duran & Michael A. Hitt & Marc van Essen, 2017. "Why Is Family Firms' Internationalization Unique? A Meta-Analysis," Post-Print hal-02311886, HAL.
    41. Alain Verbeke & Wenlong Yuan & Liena Kano, 2020. "A values-based analysis of bifurcation bias and its impact on family firm internationalization," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 37(2), pages 449-477, June.
    42. Casillas, José C. & Moreno, Ana M. & Barbero, José L., 2011. "Entrepreneurial orientation of family firms: Family and environmental dimensions," Journal of Family Business Strategy, Elsevier, vol. 2(2), pages 90-100, June.
    43. Luis R. Gomez‐Mejia & Marianna Makri & Martin Larraza Kintana, 2010. "Diversification Decisions in Family‐Controlled Firms," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 47(2), pages 223-252, March.
    44. Jean-Luc Arregle & Francesco Chirico & Liena Kano & Sumit K. Kundu & Antonio Majocchi & William S. Schulze, 2021. "Family firm internationalization: Past research and an agenda for the future," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 52(6), pages 1159-1198, August.
    45. Jane W. Lu & Paul W. Beamish, 2001. "The internationalization and performance of SMEs," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 22(6‐7), pages 565-586, June.
    46. Singla, Chitra & George, Rejie & Veliyath, Rajaram, 2017. "Ownership structure and internationalization of Indian firms," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 130-143.
    47. Silvia Ranfagni & Andrea Runfola & Daria Sarti, 2021. "Family firms between territory and internationalization: an authenticity based perspective," Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 33(7-8), pages 555-579, August.
    48. Sathyajit R Gubbi & Preet S Aulakh & Sougata Ray & M B Sarkar & Raveendra Chittoor, 2010. "Do international acquisitions by emerging-economy firms create shareholder value? The case of Indian firms," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 41(3), pages 397-418, April.
    49. Eric Gedajlovic & Michael H. Lubatkin & William S. Schulze, 2004. "Crossing the Threshold from Founder Management to Professional Management: A Governance Perspective," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 41(5), pages 899-912, July.
    50. Martin R.W. Hiebl & Zhen Li, 2020. "Non-family managers in family firms: review, integrative framework and future research agenda," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 14(4), pages 763-807, August.
    51. Sabine B. Klein & Joseph H. Astrachan & Kosmas X. Smyrnios, 2005. "The F–PEC Scale of Family Influence: Construction, Validation, and Further Implication for Theory," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 29(3), pages 321-339, May.
    52. Lilach Nachum, 2004. "Geographic and Industrial Diversification of Developing Country Firms," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 41(2), pages 273-294, March.
    53. Gary S. Hansen & Birger Wernerfelt, 1989. "Determinants of firm performance: The relative importance of economic and organizational factors," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 10(5), pages 399-411, September.
    54. Jean–Luc Arregle & Patricio Duran & Michael A. Hitt & Marc van Essen, 2017. "Why is Family Firms’ Internationalization Unique? A Meta–Analysis," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 41(5), pages 801-831, September.
    55. Vandekerkhof, Pieter & Steijvers, Tensie & Hendriks, Walter & Voordeckers, Wim, 2019. "The effect of nonfamily managers on decision-making quality in family firm TMTs: The role of intra-TMT power asymmetries," Journal of Family Business Strategy, Elsevier, vol. 10(3), pages 1-1.
    56. Hohenthal, Jukka & Johanson, Jan & Johanson, Martin, 2003. "Market discovery and the international expansion of the firm," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 12(6), pages 659-672, December.
    57. Luo, Yadong & Tan, J. Justin, 1998. "A comparison of multinational and domestic firms in an emerging market: A strategic choice perspective," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 4(1), pages 21-40, July.
    58. Kraus, Sascha & Ambos, Tina C. & Eggers, Felix & Cesinger, Beate, 2015. "Distance and perceptions of risk in internationalization decisions," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 68(7), pages 1501-1505.
    59. Denicolai, Stefano & Hagen, Birgit & Zucchella, Antonella & Cubero Dudinskaya, Emilia, 2019. "When less family is more: Trademark acquisition, family ownership, and internationalization," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 28(2), pages 238-251.
    60. Sara L. Keck, 1997. "Top Management Team Structure: Differential Effects by Environmental Context," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 8(2), pages 143-156, April.
    61. Raveendra Chittoor & MB Sarkar & Sougata Ray & Preet S. Aulakh, 2009. "Third-World Copycats to Emerging Multinationals: Institutional Changes and Organizational Transformation in the Indian Pharmaceutical Industry," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 20(1), pages 187-205, February.
    62. Sui Sui & Matthias Baum, 2014. "Internationalization strategy, firm resources and the survival of SMEs in the export market," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 45(7), pages 821-841, September.
    63. Eddleston, Kimberly A. & Kellermanns, Franz W., 2007. "Destructive and productive family relationships: A stewardship theory perspective," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 22(4), pages 545-565, July.
    64. Martin, Silvia L. & Javalgi, Rajshekhar (Raj) G., 2016. "Entrepreneurial orientation, marketing capabilities and performance: The Moderating role of Competitive Intensity on Latin American International New Ventures," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 69(6), pages 2040-2051.
    65. Auh, Seigyoung & Menguc, Bulent, 2005. "Balancing exploration and exploitation: The moderating role of competitive intensity," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 58(12), pages 1652-1661, December.
    66. Andrea Calabrò & Donata Mussolino, 2013. "How do boards of directors contribute to family SME export intensity? The role of formal and informal governance mechanisms," Journal of Management & Governance, Springer;Accademia Italiana di Economia Aziendale (AIDEA), vol. 17(2), pages 363-403, May.
    67. Kraiczy, Nils D. & Hack, Andreas & Kellermanns, Franz W., 2014. "New product portfolio performance in family firms," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 67(6), pages 1065-1073.
    68. Arun Kumaraswamy & Ram Mudambi & Haritha Saranga & Arindam Tripathy, 2012. "Catch-up strategies in the Indian auto components industry: Domestic firms’ responses to market liberalization," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 43(4), pages 368-395, May.
    69. Zahra, Shaker A. & Garvis, Dennis M., 2000. "International corporate entrepreneurship and firm performance: The moderating effect of international environmental hostility," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 15(5-6), pages 469-492.
    70. Peter J Buckley & Liang Chen & L Jeremy Clegg & Hinrich Voss, 2018. "Risk propensity in the foreign direct investment location decision of emerging multinationals," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 49(2), pages 153-171, February.
    71. Casprini, Elena & Dabic, Marina & Kotlar, Josip & Pucci, Tommaso, 2020. "A bibliometric analysis of family firm internationalization research: Current themes, theoretical roots, and ways forward," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 29(5).
    72. Lucia Naldi & Carmelo Cennamo & Guido Corbetta & Luis Gomez–Mejia, 2013. "Preserving Socioemotional Wealth in Family Firms: Asset or Liability? The Moderating Role of Business Context," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 37(6), pages 1341-1360, November.
    73. Pepper, Alexander & Gore, Julie, 2015. "Behavioral agency theory: new foundations for theorizing about executive compensation," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 47569, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    74. Julie Juan Li & Laura Poppo & Kevin Zheng Zhou, 2008. "Do managerial ties in China always produce value? Competition, uncertainty, and domestic vs. foreign firms," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(4), pages 383-400, April.
    75. Chitra Singla, 2019. "Antecedents of Inbound and Outbound M&A: Industry-Level Analysis from India," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 59(5), pages 703-739, October.
    76. Gerben S. Van der Vegt & Simon B. de Jong & J. Stuart Bunderson & Eric Molleman, 2010. "Power Asymmetry and Learning in Teams: The Moderating Role of Performance Feedback," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 21(2), pages 347-361, April.
    77. Salvatore Sciascia & Pietro Mazzola & Joseph H. Astrachan & Torsten M. Pieper, 2013. "Family Involvement in the Board of Directors: Effects on Sales Internationalization," Journal of Small Business Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 51(1), pages 83-99, January.
    78. Tommaso Minola & Nadine Kammerlander & Franz W. Kellermanns & Frank Hoy, 2021. "Corporate Entrepreneurship and Family Business: Learning Across Domains," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 58(1), pages 1-26, January.
    79. Sea-Jin Chang & Jay Hyuk Rhee, 2011. "Rapid FDI expansion and firm performance," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 42(8), pages 979-994, October.
    80. Alessandro Minichilli & Guido Corbetta & Ian C. MacMillan, 2010. "Top Management Teams in Family‐Controlled Companies: ‘Familiness’, ‘Faultlines’, and Their Impact on Financial Performance," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 47(2), pages 205-222, March.
    81. Gaur, Ajai S. & Kumar, Vikas & Singh, Deeksha, 2014. "Institutions, resources, and internationalization of emerging economy firms," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 49(1), pages 12-20.
    82. Elitsa R Banalieva & Kimberly A Eddleston, 2011. "Home-region focus and performance of family firms: The role of family vs non-family leaders," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 42(8), pages 1060-1072, October.
    83. Alfredo De Massis & Kimberly A. Eddleston & Paola Rovelli, 2021. "Entrepreneurial by Design: How Organizational Design Affects Family and Non‐family Firms’ Opportunity Exploitation," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 58(1), pages 27-62, January.
    84. Ronald C. Anderson & David M. Reeb, 2003. "Founding‐Family Ownership and Firm Performance: Evidence from the S&P 500," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 58(3), pages 1301-1328, June.
    85. B Elango & Chinmay Pattnaik, 2007. "Building capabilities for international operations through networks: a study of Indian firms," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 38(4), pages 541-555, July.
    86. Purkayastha, Anish & Kumar, Vikas & Gupta, Vishal K., 2021. "Emerging market internationalizing firms: Learning through internationalization to achieve entrepreneurial orientation," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 56(5).
    87. Calabrò, Andrea & Torchia, Mariateresa & Pukall, Thilo & Mussolino, Donata, 2013. "The influence of ownership structure and board strategic involvement on international sales: The moderating effect of family involvement," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 22(3), pages 509-523.
    88. Ensley, Michael D. & Pearson, Allison W. & Sardeshmukh, Shruti R, 2007. "The negative consequences of pay dispersion in family and non-family top management teams: an exploratory analysis of new venture, high-growth firms," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 60(10), pages 1039-1047, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jean-Luc Arregle & Francesco Chirico & Liena Kano & Sumit K. Kundu & Antonio Majocchi & William S. Schulze, 2021. "Family firm internationalization: Past research and an agenda for the future," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 52(6), pages 1159-1198, August.
    2. Mikel Alayo & Txomin Iturralde & Amaia Maseda & Gloria Aparicio, 2021. "Mapping family firm internationalization research: bibliometric and literature review," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 15(6), pages 1517-1560, August.
    3. Francesco Debellis & Mariateresa Torchia & Fabio Quarato & Andrea Calabrò, 2023. "Board openness and family firm internationalization: a social capital perspective," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 60(4), pages 1431-1448, April.
    4. Mondal, Arindam & Ray, Sougata & Lahiri, Somnath, 2022. "Family ownership, family management, and multinationality: Evidence from India," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 347-359.
    5. Cirillo, Alessandro & Maggi, Barbara & Sciascia, Salvatore & Lazzarotti, Valentina & Visconti, Federico, 2022. "Exploring family millennials’ involvement in family business internationalization: Who should be their leader?," Journal of Family Business Strategy, Elsevier, vol. 13(3).
    6. Debellis, Francesco & Rondi, Emanuela & Plakoyiannaki, Emmanuella & De Massis, Alfredo, 2021. "Riding the waves of family firm internationalization: A systematic literature review, integrative framework, and research agenda," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 56(1).
    7. Bauweraerts, Jonathan & Sciascia, Salvatore & Naldi, Lucia & Mazzola, Pietro, 2019. "Family CEO and board service: Turning the tide for export scope in family SMEs," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 28(5), pages 1-1.
    8. Del Bosco, Barbara & Cristina Bettinelli, 2020. "How Do Family SMEs Control Their Investments Abroad? The Role of Distance and Family Control," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 60(1), pages 1-35, February.
    9. Pongelli, Claudia & Majocchi, Antonio & Bauweraerts, Jonathan & Sciascia, Salvatore & Caroli, Matteo & Verbeke, Alain, 2023. "The impact of board of directors’ characteristics on the internationalization of family SMEs," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 58(2).
    10. Denicolai, Stefano & Hagen, Birgit & Zucchella, Antonella & Cubero Dudinskaya, Emilia, 2019. "When less family is more: Trademark acquisition, family ownership, and internationalization," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 28(2), pages 238-251.
    11. Xu, Kai & Hitt, Michael A. & Dai, Li, 2020. "International diversification of family-dominant firms: Integrating socioemotional wealth and behavioral theory of the firm," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 55(3).
    12. Bauweraerts, Jonathan & Arzubiaga, Unai & Diaz-Moriana, Vanessa, 2022. "Unveiling the global focus-performance relationship in family firms: The role of the board of directors," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 31(4).
    13. Marco Galvagno & Vincenzo Pisano, 2021. "Building the genealogy of family business internationalization: a bibliometric mixed-method approach," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 126(1), pages 757-783, January.
    14. Casprini, Elena & Dabic, Marina & Kotlar, Josip & Pucci, Tommaso, 2020. "A bibliometric analysis of family firm internationalization research: Current themes, theoretical roots, and ways forward," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 29(5).
    15. Metsola, Jaakko & Leppäaho, Tanja & Paavilainen-Mäntymäki, Eriikka & Plakoyiannaki, Emmanuella, 2020. "Process in family business internationalisation: The state of the art and ways forward," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 29(2).
    16. Xueru Yang & Jun Li & Laura J. Stanley & Franz W. Kellermanns & Xinchun Li, 2020. "How family firm characteristics affect internationalization of Chinese family SMEs," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 37(2), pages 417-448, June.
    17. Vikas Kumar & Deeksha Singh & Anish Purkayastha & Manish Popli & Ajai Gaur, 2020. "Springboard internationalization by emerging market firms: Speed of first cross-border acquisition," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 51(2), pages 172-193, March.
    18. Alayo, Mikel & Maseda, Amaia & Iturralde, Txomin & Arzubiaga, Unai, 2019. "Internationalization and entrepreneurial orientation of family SMEs: The influence of the family character," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 28(1), pages 48-59.
    19. Cornelius Hafner, 2021. "Diversification in family firms: a systematic review of product and international diversification strategies," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 15(3), pages 529-572, April.
    20. Mukherjee, Debmalya & Kumar, Satish & Mukherjee, Deepraj & Goyal, Kirti, 2022. "Mapping five decades of international business and management research on India: A bibliometric analysis and future directions," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 864-891.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:iburev:v:32:y:2023:i:4:s0969593123000343. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/133/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.