IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/finlet/v46y2022ipas1544612321003469.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Cryptocurrency market efficiency in short- and long-term horizons during COVID-19: An asymmetric multifractal analysis approach

Author

Listed:
  • Kakinaka, Shinji
  • Umeno, Ken

Abstract

This study investigates asymmetric multifractality and market efficiency of the major cryptocurrencies during the COVID-19 pandemic while accounting for different investment horizons. By applying the asymmetric multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis, we show that the outbreak affected the efficiency property of price behaviors differently between short- and long-term horizons. After the outbreak, the markets exhibited stronger multifractality in the short-term but weaker multifractality in the long-term. We also analyze asymmetric market patterns between upward and downward trends and between small and large price fluctuations and confirm that the outbreak has greatly changed the level of asymmetry in cryptocurrency markets.

Suggested Citation

  • Kakinaka, Shinji & Umeno, Ken, 2022. "Cryptocurrency market efficiency in short- and long-term horizons during COVID-19: An asymmetric multifractal analysis approach," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 46(PA).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:finlet:v:46:y:2022:i:pa:s1544612321003469
    DOI: 10.1016/j.frl.2021.102319
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1544612321003469
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.frl.2021.102319?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Topcu, Mert & Gulal, Omer Serkan, 2020. "The impact of COVID-19 on emerging stock markets," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 36(C).
    2. Chang, Eric C. & Cheng, Joseph W. & Khorana, Ajay, 2000. "An examination of herd behavior in equity markets: An international perspective," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 24(10), pages 1651-1679, October.
    3. Kristjanpoller, Werner & Bouri, Elie & Takaishi, Tetsuya, 2020. "Cryptocurrencies and equity funds: Evidence from an asymmetric multifractal analysis," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 545(C).
    4. Tiwari, Aviral Kumar & Jana, R.K. & Das, Debojyoti & Roubaud, David, 2018. "Informational efficiency of Bitcoin—An extension," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 106-109.
    5. Chiang, Thomas C. & Zheng, Dazhi, 2010. "An empirical analysis of herd behavior in global stock markets," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(8), pages 1911-1921, August.
    6. Zhang, Dayong & Hu, Min & Ji, Qiang, 2020. "Financial markets under the global pandemic of COVID-19," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 36(C).
    7. Stanis{l}aw Dro.zd.z & Jaros{l}aw Kwapie'n & Pawe{l} O'swik{e}cimka & Tomasz Stanisz & Marcin Wk{a}torek, 2020. "Complexity in economic and social systems: cryptocurrency market at around COVID-19," Papers 2009.10030, arXiv.org.
    8. Mnif, Emna & Jarboui, Anis & Mouakhar, Khaireddine, 2020. "How the cryptocurrency market has performed during COVID 19? A multifractal analysis," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 36(C).
    9. Wang, Jingjing & Wang, Xiaoyang, 2021. "COVID-19 and financial market efficiency: Evidence from an entropy-based analysis," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 42(C).
    10. Jiang, Yonghong & Nie, He & Ruan, Weihua, 2018. "Time-varying long-term memory in Bitcoin market," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 280-284.
    11. Cao, Guangxi & Cao, Jie & Xu, Longbing, 2013. "Asymmetric multifractal scaling behavior in the Chinese stock market: Based on asymmetric MF-DFA," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 392(4), pages 797-807.
    12. Aslam, Faheem & Aziz, Saqib & Nguyen, Duc Khuong & Mughal, Khurrum S. & Khan, Maaz, 2020. "On the efficiency of foreign exchange markets in times of the COVID-19 pandemic," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    13. Wang, Yudong & Liu, Li & Gu, Rongbao, 2009. "Analysis of efficiency for Shenzhen stock market based on multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 18(5), pages 271-276, December.
    14. Cajueiro, Daniel O. & Tabak, Benjamin M., 2009. "Multifractality and herding behavior in the Japanese stock market," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 40(1), pages 497-504.
    15. Tan, Lin & Chiang, Thomas C. & Mason, Joseph R. & Nelling, Edward, 2008. "Herding behavior in Chinese stock markets: An examination of A and B shares," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 16(1-2), pages 61-77, January.
    16. Zaremba, Adam & Kizys, Renatas & Aharon, David Y. & Demir, Ender, 2020. "Infected Markets: Novel Coronavirus, Government Interventions, and Stock Return Volatility around the Globe," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 35(C).
    17. Thompson, James R. & Wilson, James R., 2016. "Multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis: Practical applications to financial time series," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 63-88.
    18. Economou, Fotini & Kostakis, Alexandros & Philippas, Nikolaos, 2011. "Cross-country effects in herding behaviour: Evidence from four south European markets," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 21(3), pages 443-460, July.
    19. Urquhart, Andrew, 2016. "The inefficiency of Bitcoin," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 80-82.
    20. Stavroyiannis, Stavros & Babalos, Vassilios & Bekiros, Stelios & Lahmiri, Salim & Uddin, Gazi Salah, 2019. "The high frequency multifractal properties of Bitcoin," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 520(C), pages 62-71.
    21. Conlon, Thomas & Corbet, Shaen & McGee, Richard J., 2020. "Are cryptocurrencies a safe haven for equity markets? An international perspective from the COVID-19 pandemic," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    22. Mensi, Walid & Lee, Yun-Jung & Al-Yahyaee, Khamis Hamed & Sensoy, Ahmet & Yoon, Seong-Min, 2019. "Intraday downward/upward multifractality and long memory in Bitcoin and Ethereum markets: An asymmetric multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 19-25.
    23. Tiwari, Aviral Kumar & Albulescu, Claudiu Tiberiu & Yoon, Seong-Min, 2017. "A multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis of financial market efficiency: Comparison using Dow Jones sector ETF indices," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 483(C), pages 182-192.
    24. Frezza, Massimiliano & Bianchi, Sergio & Pianese, Augusto, 2021. "Fractal analysis of market (in)efficiency during the COVID-19," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 38(C).
    25. Erica L. Groshen, 2020. "COVID-19’s impact on the U.S. labor market as of September 2020," Business Economics, Palgrave Macmillan;National Association for Business Economics, vol. 55(4), pages 213-228, October.
    26. Zargar, Faisal Nazir & Kumar, Dilip, 2019. "Informational inefficiency of Bitcoin: A study based on high-frequency data," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 344-353.
    27. Stavroyiannis, Stavros & Babalos, Vassilios, 2019. "Herding behavior in cryptocurrencies revisited: Novel evidence from a TVP model," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, Elsevier, vol. 22(C), pages 57-63.
    28. Naeem, Muhammad Abubakr & Bouri, Elie & Peng, Zhe & Shahzad, Syed Jawad Hussain & Vo, Xuan Vinh, 2021. "Asymmetric efficiency of cryptocurrencies during COVID19," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 565(C).
    29. Ji, Qiang & Zhang, Dayong & Zhao, Yuqian, 2020. "Searching for safe-haven assets during the COVID-19 pandemic," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Gaio, Luiz Eduardo & Stefanelli, Nelson Oliveira & Pimenta, Tabajara & Bonacim, Carlos Alberto Grespan & Gatsios, Rafael Confetti, 2022. "The impact of the Russia-Ukraine conflict on market efficiency: Evidence for the developed stock market," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 50(C).
    2. Ali, Shoaib & Ijaz, Muhammad Shahzad & Yousaf, Imran, 2023. "Dynamic spillovers and portfolio risk management between defi and metals: Empirical evidence from the Covid-19," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    3. Fernandes, Leonardo H.S. & Bouri, Elie & Silva, José W.L. & Bejan, Lucian & de Araujo, Fernando H.A., 2022. "The resilience of cryptocurrency market efficiency to COVID-19 shock," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 607(C).
    4. Mustafa Tevfik Kartal & Mustafa Kevser & Fatih Ayhan, 2023. "Asymmetric effects of global factors on return of cryptocurrencies by novel nonlinear quantile approaches," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 56(3), pages 1515-1535, June.
    5. Chowdhury, Mohammad Ashraful Ferdous & Abdullah, Mohammad & Alam, Masud & Abedin, Mohammad Zoynul & Shi, Baofeng, 2023. "NFTs, DeFi, and other assets efficiency and volatility dynamics: An asymmetric multifractality analysis," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 87(C).
    6. Clement Moyo & Izunna Anyikwa & Andrew Phiri, 2023. "The Impact of Covid-19 on Oil Market Returns: Has Market Efficiency Being Violated?," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 13(1), pages 118-127, January.
    7. Chowdhury, Mohammad Ashraful Ferdous & Abdullah, Mohammad & Masih, Mansur, 2022. "COVID-19 government interventions and cryptocurrency market: Is there any optimum portfolio diversification?," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    8. Andrew Phiri, 2022. "Can wavelets produce a clearer picture of weak-form market efficiency in Bitcoin?," Eurasian Economic Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 12(3), pages 373-386, September.
    9. Łęt Blanka & Sobański Konrad & Świder Wojciech & Włosik Katarzyna, 2022. "Is the cryptocurrency market efficient? Evidence from an analysis of fundamental factors for Bitcoin and Ethereum," International Journal of Management and Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, Collegium of World Economy, vol. 58(4), pages 351-370, December.
    10. Jinxin Cui & Aktham Maghyereh, 2022. "Time–frequency co-movement and risk connectedness among cryptocurrencies: new evidence from the higher-order moments before and during the COVID-19 pandemic," Financial Innovation, Springer;Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, vol. 8(1), pages 1-56, December.
    11. Zhuhua Jiang & Walid Mensi & Seong-Min Yoon, 2023. "Risks in Major Cryptocurrency Markets: Modeling the Dual Long Memory Property and Structural Breaks," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-15, January.
    12. Saâdaoui, Foued, 2023. "Skewed multifractal scaling of stock markets during the COVID-19 pandemic," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 170(C).
    13. Lin Li, 2023. "Investigating risk assessment in post-pandemic household cryptocurrency investments: an explainable machine learning approach," Journal of Asset Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 24(4), pages 255-267, July.
    14. Marcin Wk{a}torek & Jaros{l}aw Kwapie'n & Stanis{l}aw Dro.zd.z, 2023. "Cryptocurrencies Are Becoming Part of the World Global Financial Market," Papers 2303.00495, arXiv.org.
    15. Abdullah, Mohammad & Chowdhury, Mohammad Ashraful Ferdous & Sulong, Zunaidah, 2023. "Asymmetric efficiency and connectedness among green stocks, halal tourism stocks, cryptocurrencies, and commodities: Portfolio hedging implications," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Assaf, Ata & Mokni, Khaled & Yousaf, Imran & Bhandari, Avishek, 2023. "Long memory in the high frequency cryptocurrency markets using fractal connectivity analysis: The impact of COVID-19," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    2. Cristiana Vaz & Rui Pascoal & Helder Sebastião, 2021. "Price Appreciation and Roughness Duality in Bitcoin: A Multifractal Analysis," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(17), pages 1-18, August.
    3. Kakinaka, Shinji & Umeno, Ken, 2021. "Exploring asymmetric multifractal cross-correlations of price–volatility and asymmetric volatility dynamics in cryptocurrency markets," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 581(C).
    4. Naeem, Muhammad Abubakr & Bouri, Elie & Peng, Zhe & Shahzad, Syed Jawad Hussain & Vo, Xuan Vinh, 2021. "Asymmetric efficiency of cryptocurrencies during COVID19," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 565(C).
    5. Chowdhury, Mohammad Ashraful Ferdous & Abdullah, Mohammad & Alam, Masud & Abedin, Mohammad Zoynul & Shi, Baofeng, 2023. "NFTs, DeFi, and other assets efficiency and volatility dynamics: An asymmetric multifractality analysis," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 87(C).
    6. Díaz, Fernando & Henríquez, Pablo A. & Winkelried, Diego, 2022. "Stock market volatility and the COVID-19 reproductive number," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    7. Duan, Kun & Li, Zeming & Urquhart, Andrew & Ye, Jinqiang, 2021. "Dynamic efficiency and arbitrage potential in Bitcoin: A long-memory approach," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 75(C).
    8. Yarovaya, Larisa & Matkovskyy, Roman & Jalan, Akanksha, 2021. "The effects of a “black swan” event (COVID-19) on herding behavior in cryptocurrency markets," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 75(C).
    9. Naeem, Muhammad Abubakr & Farid, Saqib & Ferrer, Román & Shahzad, Syed Jawad Hussain, 2021. "Comparative efficiency of green and conventional bonds pre- and during COVID-19: An asymmetric multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C).
    10. Bazán-Palomino, Walter & Winkelried, Diego, 2021. "FX markets’ reactions to COVID-19: Are they different?," International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 50-58.
    11. Sanjay Kumar Rout & Hrushikesh Mallick, 2022. "Sovereign Bond Market Shock Spillover Over Different Maturities: A Journey from Normal to Covid-19 Period," Asia-Pacific Financial Markets, Springer;Japanese Association of Financial Economics and Engineering, vol. 29(4), pages 697-734, December.
    12. Ferreruela, Sandra & Mallor, Tania, 2021. "Herding in the bad times: The 2008 and COVID-19 crises," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 58(C).
    13. Sène, Babacar & Mbengue, Mohamed Lamine & Allaya, Mouhamad M., 2021. "Overshooting of sovereign emerging eurobond yields in the context of COVID-19," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 38(C).
    14. Omane-Adjepong, Maurice & Alagidede, Imhotep Paul, 2021. "Exploration of safe havens for Africa's stock markets: A test case under COVID-19 crisis," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 38(C).
    15. Yang, Wan-Ru & Chuang, Ming-Che, 2023. "Do investors herd in a volatile market? Evidence of dynamic herding in Taiwan, China, and US stock markets," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 52(C).
    16. Balcilar, Mehmet & Ozdemir, Huseyin & Agan, Busra, 2022. "Effects of COVID-19 on cryptocurrency and emerging market connectedness: Empirical evidence from quantile, frequency, and lasso networks," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 604(C).
    17. Choi, Sun-Yong, 2021. "Analysis of stock market efficiency during crisis periods in the US stock market: Differences between the global financial crisis and COVID-19 pandemic," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 574(C).
    18. Abubakr Naeem, Muhammad & Iqbal, Najaf & Lucey, Brian M. & Karim, Sitara, 2022. "Good versus bad information transmission in the cryptocurrency market: Evidence from high-frequency data," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    19. Rubbaniy, Ghulame & Polyzos, Stathis & Rizvi, Syed Kumail Abbas & Tessema, Abiot, 2021. "COVID-19, Lockdowns and herding towards a cryptocurrency market-specific implied volatility index," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 207(C).
    20. Wanidwaranan, Phasin & Padungsaksawasdi, Chaiyuth, 2020. "The effect of return jumps on herd behavior," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, Elsevier, vol. 27(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:finlet:v:46:y:2022:i:pa:s1544612321003469. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/frl .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.