IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v60y2013icp442-452.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Engineering challenges of ocean liming

Author

Listed:
  • Renforth, P.
  • Jenkins, B.G.
  • Kruger, T.

Abstract

The relationship between the level of atmospheric CO2 (carbon dioxide) and the impacts of climate change is uncertain, but a safe concentration may be surpassed this century. Therefore, it is necessary to develop technologies that can accelerate CO2 removal from the atmosphere. This paper explores the engineering challenges of a technology that manipulates the carbonate system in seawater by the addition of calcium oxide powder (CaO; lime), resulting in a net sequestration of atmospheric CO2 into the ocean (ocean liming; OL). Every tonne of CO2 sequestered requires between 1.4 and 1.7 t of limestone to be crushed, calcined, and distributed. Approximately 1 t of CO2 would be created from this activity, of which >80% is a high purity gas (pCO2 > 98%) amenable to geological storage. It is estimated that the thermal and electrical energy requirements for OL would be 0.6–5.6 and 0.1–1.2 GJ tCO2−1 captured respectively. A preliminary economic assessment suggests that OL could cost approximately US$72–159 t−1 of CO2. The additional CO2 burden of OL makes it a poor alternative to point source mitigation. However, it may provide a means to mitigate some diffuse emissions and reduce atmospheric concentrations.

Suggested Citation

  • Renforth, P. & Jenkins, B.G. & Kruger, T., 2013. "Engineering challenges of ocean liming," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 442-452.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:60:y:2013:i:c:p:442-452
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2013.08.006
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544213006816
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2013.08.006?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Naomi Vaughan & Timothy Lenton, 2011. "A review of climate geoengineering proposals," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 109(3), pages 745-790, December.
    2. Rau, Greg H. & Knauss, Kevin G. & Langer, William H. & Caldeira, Ken, 2007. "Reducing energy-related CO2 emissions using accelerated weathering of limestone," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 32(8), pages 1471-1477.
    3. Myles R. Allen & David J. Frame & Chris Huntingford & Chris D. Jones & Jason A. Lowe & Malte Meinshausen & Nicolai Meinshausen, 2009. "Warming caused by cumulative carbon emissions towards the trillionth tonne," Nature, Nature, vol. 458(7242), pages 1163-1166, April.
    4. Martin L. Weitzman, 2007. "A Review of the Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 45(3), pages 703-724, September.
    5. Lund, Henrik & Mathiesen, Brian Vad, 2012. "The role of Carbon Capture and Storage in a future sustainable energy system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 44(1), pages 469-476.
    6. Rubin, Edward S. & Chen, Chao & Rao, Anand B., 2007. "Cost and performance of fossil fuel power plants with CO2 capture and storage," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(9), pages 4444-4454, September.
    7. Greg H. Rau & Elizabeth L. McLeod & Ove Hoegh-Guldberg, 2012. "The need for new ocean conservation strategies in a high-carbon dioxide world," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 2(10), pages 720-724, October.
    8. Stern,Nicholas, 2007. "The Economics of Climate Change," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521700801.
    9. Nikulshina, V. & Hirsch, D. & Mazzotti, M. & Steinfeld, A., 2006. "CO2 capture from air and co-production of H2 via the Ca(OH)2–CaCO3 cycle using concentrated solar power–Thermodynamic analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 31(12), pages 1715-1725.
    10. Martin Parry & Jason Lowe & Clair Hanson, 2009. "Overshoot, adapt and recover," Nature, Nature, vol. 458(7242), pages 1102-1103, April.
    11. David Keith & Minh Ha-Duong & Joshua K. Stolaroff, 2006. "Climate strategy with CO2 capture from the air," Post-Print halshs-00003926, HAL.
    12. Li, H. & Yan, J. & Yan, J. & Anheden, M., 2009. "Impurity impacts on the purification process in oxy-fuel combustion based CO2 capture and storage system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(2), pages 202-213, February.
    13. Kheshgi, Haroon S., 1995. "Sequestering atmospheric carbon dioxide by increasing ocean alkalinity," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 20(9), pages 915-922.
    14. Davison, John, 2007. "Performance and costs of power plants with capture and storage of CO2," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 32(7), pages 1163-1176.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Sarah Gore & Phil Renforth & Rupert Perkins, 2019. "The potential environmental response to increasing ocean alkalinity for negative emissions," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 24(7), pages 1191-1211, October.
    2. Stefano Caserini & Beatriz Barreto & Caterina Lanfredi & Giovanni Cappello & Dennis Ross Morrey & Mario Grosso, 2019. "Affordable CO2 negative emission through hydrogen from biomass, ocean liming, and CO2 storage," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 24(7), pages 1231-1248, October.
    3. Hanak, Dawid P. & Jenkins, Barrie G. & Kruger, Tim & Manovic, Vasilije, 2017. "High-efficiency negative-carbon emission power generation from integrated solid-oxide fuel cell and calciner," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 1189-1201.
    4. Wang Lu & Pietro Bartocci & Alberto Abad & Aldo Bischi & Haiping Yang & Arturo Cabello & Margarita de Las Obras Loscertales & Mauro Zampilli & Francesco Fantozzi, 2023. "Dimensioning Air Reactor and Fuel Reactor of a Pressurized CLC Plant to Be Coupled to a Gas Turbine: Part 2, the Fuel Reactor," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-16, April.
    5. Douglas Keller & Vishal Somanna & Philippe Drobinski & Cédric Tard, 2022. "Offshore CO 2 Capture and Utilization Using Floating Wind/PV Systems: Site Assessment and Efficiency Analysis in the Mediterranean," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-25, November.
    6. Lomax, Guy & Workman, Mark & Lenton, Timothy & Shah, Nilay, 2015. "Reframing the policy approach to greenhouse gas removal technologies," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 125-136.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Naomi Vaughan & Timothy Lenton, 2011. "A review of climate geoengineering proposals," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 109(3), pages 745-790, December.
    2. Dietz, Simon & Gollier, Christian & Kessler, Louise, 2018. "The climate beta," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 258-274.
    3. van der Ploeg, Frederick & Rezai, Armon, 2017. "Cumulative emissions, unburnable fossil fuel, and the optimal carbon tax," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 216-222.
    4. Lai, N.Y.G. & Yap, E.H. & Lee, C.W., 2011. "Viability of CCS: A broad-based assessment for Malaysia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(8), pages 3608-3616.
    5. Hanak, Dawid P. & Jenkins, Barrie G. & Kruger, Tim & Manovic, Vasilije, 2017. "High-efficiency negative-carbon emission power generation from integrated solid-oxide fuel cell and calciner," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 1189-1201.
    6. Olijslagers, Stan & van der Ploeg, Frederick & van Wijnbergen, Sweder, 2023. "On current and future carbon prices in a risky world," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 146(C).
    7. Dominic Woolf & Johannes Lehmann & David R. Lee, 2016. "Optimal bioenergy power generation for climate change mitigation with or without carbon sequestration," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 7(1), pages 1-11, December.
    8. Pettinau, Alberto & Ferrara, Francesca & Amorino, Carlo, 2013. "Combustion vs. gasification for a demonstration CCS (carbon capture and storage) project in Italy: A techno-economic analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 160-169.
    9. Luis Míguez, José & Porteiro, Jacobo & Pérez-Orozco, Raquel & Patiño, David & Rodríguez, Sandra, 2018. "Evolution of CO2 capture technology between 2007 and 2017 through the study of patent activity," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 1282-1296.
    10. Višković, Alfredo & Franki, Vladimir & Valentić, Vladimir, 2014. "CCS (carbon capture and storage) investment possibility in South East Europe: A case study for Croatia," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 325-337.
    11. Rohlfs, Wilko & Madlener, Reinhard, 2013. "Assessment of clean-coal strategies: The questionable merits of carbon capture-readiness," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 27-36.
    12. Rob Swart & Natasha Marinova, 2010. "Policy options in a worst case climate change world," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 15(6), pages 531-549, August.
    13. Stéphane Hallegatte, 2008. "A Proposal for a New Prescriptive Discounting Scheme: The Intergenerational Discount Rate," Working Papers 2008.47, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei.
    14. van den Bergh, J.C.J.M. & Botzen, W.J.W., 2015. "Monetary valuation of the social cost of CO2 emissions: A critical survey," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 33-46.
    15. Pycroft, Jonathan & Vergano, Lucia & Hope, Chris & Paci, Daniele & Ciscar, Juan Carlos, 2011. "A tale of tails: Uncertainty and the social cost of carbon dioxide," Economics - The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal (2007-2020), Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel), vol. 5, pages 1-29.
    16. Min Gong & David Krantz & Elke Weber, 2014. "Why Chinese discount future financial and environmental gains but not losses more than Americans," Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, Springer, vol. 49(2), pages 103-124, October.
    17. Söderholm, Patrik & Pettersson, Fredrik, 2008. "Climate policy and the social cost of power generation: Impacts of the Swedish national emissions target," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(11), pages 4154-4158, November.
    18. Bommier, Antoine & Lanz, Bruno & Zuber, Stéphane, 2015. "Models-as-usual for unusual risks? On the value of catastrophic climate change," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 1-22.
    19. Steve Newbold & Charles Griffiths & Christopher C. Moore & Ann Wolverton & Elizabeth Kopits, 2010. "The "Social Cost of Carbon" Made Simple," NCEE Working Paper Series 201007, National Center for Environmental Economics, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, revised Aug 2010.
    20. Richard Tol, 2011. "Regulating knowledge monopolies: the case of the IPCC," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 108(4), pages 827-839, October.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:60:y:2013:i:c:p:442-452. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.