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Combustion performance of 2,5-dimethylfuran blends using dual-injection compared to direct-injection in a SI engine

Author

Listed:
  • Daniel, Ritchie
  • Xu, Hongming
  • Wang, Chongming
  • Richardson, Dave
  • Shuai, Shijin

Abstract

Dual-injection strategies in spark-ignition (SI) engines allow the in-cylinder blending of two different fuels at any blend ratio, when simultaneously combining port fuel injection (PFI) and direct-injection (DI). This offers increased flexibility and the potential to optimize the combustion process depending on the engine requirement and fuel availability. Until now, little or no research evidence exists on the experimental comparison of dual-injection to DI in the combustion of gasoline–biofuel blends. Therefore, in this work the authors evaluate this comparison using a new biofuel candidate: 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF). The differences in performance are examined using D25 (25% DMF in gasoline, by volume) in a single cylinder SI research engine operating at 1500rpm and varying load (3.5–8.5bar IMEP). All tests were carried out at stoichiometry (λ=1) using the cross-over theory of the carbon monoxide and oxygen emissions concentrations. The current results are promising for dual-injection. The improved mixture preparation compared to DI results in lower combustion durations and higher in-cylinder pressures. This gives rise to higher indicated thermal efficiencies and lower fuel consumption rates compared to the same blend (D25) in DI (up to 4% and 3.2%, respectively). More significantly, the lower fuel consumption rate with dual-injection (on a volumetric basis), is up to 1.2% lower than with gasoline in homogenous DI (GDI) up to 8bar IMEP, despite the use of a lower energy density biofuel.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniel, Ritchie & Xu, Hongming & Wang, Chongming & Richardson, Dave & Shuai, Shijin, 2012. "Combustion performance of 2,5-dimethylfuran blends using dual-injection compared to direct-injection in a SI engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 59-68.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:98:y:2012:i:c:p:59-68
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.02.073
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    1. Qi Wang & Zhihong Tian, 2011. "Biofuels and the policy implications for China," Asian-Pacific Economic Literature, The Crawford School, The Australian National University, vol. 25(1), pages 161-168, May.
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    4. Daniel, Ritchie & Xu, Hongming & Wang, Chongming & Richardson, Dave & Shuai, Shijin, 2013. "Gaseous and particulate matter emissions of biofuel blends in dual-injection compared to direct-injection and port injection," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 252-261.
    5. Haifeng Liu & Xichang Wang & Diping Zhang & Fang Dong & Xinlu Liu & Yong Yang & Haozhong Huang & Yang Wang & Qianlong Wang & Zunqing Zheng, 2019. "Investigation on Blending Effects of Gasoline Fuel with N-Butanol, DMF, and Ethanol on the Fuel Consumption and Harmful Emissions in a GDI Vehicle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-21, May.
    6. Costagliola, M.A. & De Simio, L. & Iannaccone, S. & Prati, M.V., 2013. "Combustion efficiency and engine out emissions of a S.I. engine fueled with alcohol/gasoline blends," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 1162-1171.
    7. Liu, Haifeng & Xu, Jia & Zheng, Zunqing & Li, Shanju & Yao, Mingfa, 2013. "Effects of fuel properties on combustion and emissions under both conventional and low temperature combustion mode fueling 2,5-dimethylfuran/diesel blends," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 215-223.
    8. Wei, Haiqiao & Feng, Dengquan & Shu, Gequn & Pan, Mingzhang & Guo, Yubin & Gao, Dongzhi & Li, Wei, 2014. "Experimental investigation on the combustion and emissions characteristics of 2-methylfuran gasoline blend fuel in spark-ignition engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 317-324.
    9. Feng, Dengquan & Wei, Haiqiao & Pan, Mingzhang & Zhou, Lei & Hua, Jianxiong, 2018. "Combustion performance of dual-injection using n-butanol direct-injection and gasoline port fuel-injection in a SI engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 573-581.
    10. Wang, Chongming & Zeraati-Rezaei, Soheil & Xiang, Liming & Xu, Hongming, 2017. "Ethanol blends in spark ignition engines: RON, octane-added value, cooling effect, compression ratio, and potential engine efficiency gain," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 603-619.
    11. Ma, Xiao & Xu, Hongming & Jiang, Changzhao & Shuai, Shijin, 2014. "Ultra-high speed imaging and OH-LIF study of DMF and MF combustion in a DISI optical engine," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 247-260.
    12. Huang, Yuhan & Surawski, Nic C. & Zhuang, Yuan & Zhou, John L. & Hong, Guang, 2021. "Dual injection: An effective and efficient technology to use renewable fuels in spark ignition engines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    13. Qian, Yong & Zhu, Lifeng & Wang, Yue & Lu, Xingcai, 2015. "Recent progress in the development of biofuel 2,5-dimethylfuran," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 633-646.

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