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Performance of a 3Â kW wind turbine generator with variable pitch control system

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  • Nagai, Baku M.
  • Ameku, Kazumasa
  • Roy, Jitendro Nath

Abstract

A prototype 3Â kW horizontal upwind type wind turbine generator of 4Â m in diameter has been designed and examined under real wind conditions. The machine was designed based on the concept that even small wind turbines should have a variable pitch control system just as large wind turbines, especially in Japan where typhoons occur at least once a year. A characteristic of the machine is the use of a worm and gear system with a stepping motor installed in the center of the hub, and the rotational main shaft. The machine is constructed with no mechanical breaking system so as to avoid damage from strong winds. In a storm, the wind turbine is slowed down by adjusting the pitch angle and the maximum electrical load. Usually the machine is controlled at several stages depending on the rotational speed of the blades. Two control methods have been applied: the variable pitch angle, and regulation of the generator field current. The characteristics of the generator under each rotational speed and field current are first investigated in the laboratory. This paper describes the performances of the wind turbine in terms of the functions of wind turbine rotational speed, generated outputs, and its stability for wind speed changes. The expected performances of the machine have been confirmed under real wind conditions and compared with numerical simulation results. The wind turbine showed a power coefficient of 0.257 under the average wind speed of 7.3Â m/s.

Suggested Citation

  • Nagai, Baku M. & Ameku, Kazumasa & Roy, Jitendro Nath, 2009. "Performance of a 3Â kW wind turbine generator with variable pitch control system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(9), pages 1774-1782, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:86:y:2009:i:9:p:1774-1782
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    12. Jiang, Yichen & Liu, Shijie & Zao, Peidong & Yu, Yanwei & Zou, Li & Liu, Liqin & Li, Jiawen, 2022. "Experimental evaluation of a tree-shaped quad-rotor wind turbine on power output controllability and survival shutdown capability," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 309(C).
    13. Kusiak, Andrew & Zhang, Zijun & Verma, Anoop, 2013. "Prediction, operations, and condition monitoring in wind energy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 1-12.
    14. Oscar Barambones & Jose M. Gonzalez de Durana & Isidro Calvo, 2018. "Adaptive Sliding Mode Control for a Double Fed Induction Generator Used in an Oscillating Water Column System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-27, October.
    15. Kaneko, Toshiaki & Uehara, Akie & Senjyu, Tomonobu & Yona, Atsushi & Urasaki, Naomitsu, 2011. "An integrated control method for a wind farm to reduce frequency deviations in a small power system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(4), pages 1049-1058, April.
    16. Pagnini, Luisa C. & Burlando, Massimiliano & Repetto, Maria Pia, 2015. "Experimental power curve of small-size wind turbines in turbulent urban environment," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 112-121.
    17. Guglielmo D’Amico & Giovanni Masala & Filippo Petroni & Robert Adam Sobolewski, 2020. "Managing Wind Power Generation via Indexed Semi-Markov Model and Copula," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-21, August.
    18. Shyuan Cheng & Yaqing Jin & Leonardo P. Chamorro, 2020. "Wind Turbines with Truncated Blades May Be a Possibility for Dense Wind Farms," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-13, April.
    19. Lanzafame, R. & Messina, M., 2013. "Advanced brake state model and aerodynamic post-stall model for horizontal axis wind turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 415-420.
    20. Toja-Silva, Francisco & Lopez-Garcia, Oscar & Peralta, Carlos & Navarro, Jorge & Cruz, Ignacio, 2016. "An empirical–heuristic optimization of the building-roof geometry for urban wind energy exploitation on high-rise buildings," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 769-794.
    21. Aliashim Albani & Mohd Zamri Ibrahim, 2017. "Wind Energy Potential and Power Law Indexes Assessment for Selected Near-Coastal Sites in Malaysia," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-21, March.
    22. Dalibor Petković & Siti Ab Hamid & Žarko Ćojbašić & Nenad Pavlović, 2014. "Adapting project management method and ANFIS strategy for variables selection and analyzing wind turbine wake effect," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 74(2), pages 463-475, November.
    23. Islam, M.R. & Mekhilef, S. & Saidur, R., 2013. "Progress and recent trends of wind energy technology," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 21(C), pages 456-468.
    24. Melício, R. & Mendes, V.M.F. & Catalão, J.P.S., 2011. "Transient analysis of variable-speed wind turbines at wind speed disturbances and a pitch control malfunction," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(4), pages 1322-1330, April.

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