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Effects of possible changes in natural gas, nuclear, and coal energy consumption on CO2 emissions: Evidence from France under Russia’s gas supply cuts by dynamic ARDL simulations approach

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  • Kartal, Mustafa Tevfik
  • Pata, Ugur Korkut
  • Kılıç Depren, Serpil
  • Depren, Özer

Abstract

The study explores the influences of potential changes in energy consumption on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, focusing on disaggregated energy consumption sources. In this manner, the study considers France as the leading nuclear energy-consuming country in Europe, includes yearly data between 1970 and 2021, and performs the dynamic autoregressive distributed lag (DYNARDL) model. In addition, the Kernel-based regularized least squares (KRLS) is used for robustness check. The results reveal that (i) cointegration exists between the disaggregated energy consumption indicators and CO2 emissions; (ii) nuclear, natural gas, oil, and coal energy have a statistically significant effect on CO2 emissions, while renewable energy is not statistically significant; (iii) nuclear power has a decreasing effect on CO2 emissions; (iv) positive (i.e., increasing) shocks to nuclear reduce CO2 emissions, even if they are 300 % in the case of counterfactual shocks; (v) any positive (i.e., increasing) shocks to coal have a drastically increasing effect on CO2 emissions, even if they are 25 % in the case of counterfactual shocks; (vi) the KRLS approach confirms the robustness of the results. Thus, this study suggests that France should continue to rely on nuclear power for electricity generation and that French policymakers should reduce electricity exports to European Union countries to provide an alternative against the Russian natural gas shock by preventing a reduction in energy supply.

Suggested Citation

  • Kartal, Mustafa Tevfik & Pata, Ugur Korkut & Kılıç Depren, Serpil & Depren, Özer, 2023. "Effects of possible changes in natural gas, nuclear, and coal energy consumption on CO2 emissions: Evidence from France under Russia’s gas supply cuts by dynamic ARDL simulations approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 339(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:339:y:2023:i:c:s0306261923003471
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.120983
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    Cited by:

    1. Liu, Haiying & Pata, Ugur Korkut & Zafar, Muhammad Wasif & Kartal, Mustafa Tevfik & Karlilar, Selin & Caglar, Abdullah Emre, 2023. "Do oil and natural gas prices affect carbon efficiency? Daily evidence from China by wavelet transform-based approaches," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 85(PB).
    2. Wei Wang & Kehui Wei & Oleksandr Kubatko & Vladyslav Piven & Yulija Chortok & Oleksandr Derykolenko, 2023. "Economic Growth and Sustainable Transition: Investigating Classical and Novel Factors in Developed Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-15, August.
    3. Kartal, Mustafa Tevfik & Ghosh, Sudeshna & Adebayo, Tomiwa Sunday, 2023. "Renewable energy effect on economy and environment: The case of G7 countries through novel bootstrap rolling window approach," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 216(C).
    4. Ahmed Samour & Usman Mehmood & Magdalena Radulescu & Radu Alexandru Budu & Rares Mihai Nitu, 2023. "Examining the Role of Renewable Energy, Technological Innovation, and the Insurance Market in Environmental Sustainability in the United States: A Step toward COP26 Targets," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-15, August.
    5. Yinying Tao & Mehmet Akif Destek & Ugur Korkut Pata & Zeeshan Khan, 2023. "Environmental Regulations and Carbon Emissions: The Role of Renewable Energy Research and Development Expenditures," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-16, September.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Coal Energy Consumption; CO2 Emissions; Dynamic ARDL Simulations; Natural Gas Energy Consumption; Nuclear Energy Consumption;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O13 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Agriculture; Natural Resources; Environment; Other Primary Products
    • Q47 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Energy Forecasting
    • Q56 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environment and Development; Environment and Trade; Sustainability; Environmental Accounts and Accounting; Environmental Equity; Population Growth

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