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A method for assessing infrastructure for CO2 utilization: A case study of Finland

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  • Karjunen, Hannu
  • Tynjälä, Tero
  • Hyppänen, Timo

Abstract

Synthetic hydrocarbons can be produced sustainably with power-to-gas processes, resulting in a net reduction of greenhouse gas emissions due to the substitution of conventional natural gas and other fossil fuels with carbon-neutral alternatives. Acquisition of the CO2 for the synthetic fuel production can be implemented in multiple ways. This work introduces a node-based model to assess different implementation strategies of CO2 utilization systems, taking into account temporal effects, regional variation, and economies of scale for CO2 capture. Intermediate storage volumes, capture costs, transport quantities, and other relevant infrastructural aspects of the CCU system can be estimated with the model. Finland is used as a case study, focusing specifically on the national and regional scale. CO2 capture costs are significant, being nearly four times larger than the cost of storage in the baseline scenario (354M€, 85M€). CO2 sources with smaller annual emissions increases capture costs by 14% compared to baseline. This increase in cost is comparable to the cost of transporting over a quarter of all captured CO2 to off-site processing (varying distance, 100–400km). Seasonal storage of CO2 is found to be beneficial for the cost-efficient production of synthetic fuels, owing to the temporal disparity between CO2 emissions and utilization, as well as the overall cost structure of the components. Five key decision categories are proposed for a carbon utilization system: scale, type, units, location, and technological decisions. These may be applied to describe any carbon utilization system, helping to form a more comprehensive picture of a future energy system, where carbon is widely used as a raw material.

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  • Karjunen, Hannu & Tynjälä, Tero & Hyppänen, Timo, 2017. "A method for assessing infrastructure for CO2 utilization: A case study of Finland," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 33-43.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:205:y:2017:i:c:p:33-43
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.07.111
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    4. Jussi Saari & Petteri Peltola & Katja Kuparinen & Juha Kaikko & Ekaterina Sermyagina & Esa Vakkilainen, 2023. "Novel BECCS implementation integrating chemical looping combustion with oxygen uncoupling and a kraft pulp mill cogeneration plant," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 28(4), pages 1-26, April.
    5. Zhang, Shuai & Liu, Linlin & Zhang, Lei & Zhuang, Yu & Du, Jian, 2018. "An optimization model for carbon capture utilization and storage supply chain: A case study in Northeastern China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C), pages 194-206.
    6. Philipp Günther & Felix Ekardt, 2022. "Human Rights and Large-Scale Carbon Dioxide Removal: Potential Limits to BECCS and DACCS Deployment," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-29, November.
    7. Edwards, Jonathan P. & Xu, Yi & Gabardo, Christine M. & Dinh, Cao-Thang & Li, Jun & Qi, ZhenBang & Ozden, Adnan & Sargent, Edward H. & Sinton, David, 2020. "Efficient electrocatalytic conversion of carbon dioxide in a low-resistance pressurized alkaline electrolyzer," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(C).
    8. Katja Kuparinen & Satu Lipiäinen & Esa Vakkilainen & Timo Laukkanen, 2023. "Effect of biomass-based carbon capture on the sustainability and economics of pulp and paper production in the Nordic mills," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(1), pages 648-668, January.
    9. Simon P. Philbin, 2020. "Critical Analysis and Evaluation of the Technology Pathways for Carbon Capture and Utilization," Clean Technol., MDPI, vol. 2(4), pages 1-21, December.
    10. Gorre, Jachin & Ruoss, Fabian & Karjunen, Hannu & Schaffert, Johannes & Tynjälä, Tero, 2020. "Cost benefits of optimizing hydrogen storage and methanation capacities for Power-to-Gas plants in dynamic operation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 257(C).
    11. Inkeri, Eero & Tynjälä, Tero & Karjunen, Hannu, 2021. "Significance of methanation reactor dynamics on the annual efficiency of power-to-gas -system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 1113-1126.
    12. Katja Kuparinen & Esa Vakkilainen & Tero Tynjälä, 2019. "Biomass-based carbon capture and utilization in kraft pulp mills," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 24(7), pages 1213-1230, October.
    13. Szabolcs Szima & Calin-Cristian Cormos, 2021. "CO 2 Utilization Technologies: A Techno-Economic Analysis for Synthetic Natural Gas Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-18, February.
    14. Günther, Philipp & Ekardt, Felix, 2022. "Human Rights and Large-Scale Carbon Dioxide Removal: Potential Limits to BECCS and DACCS Deployment," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 11(12), pages 1-29.

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