IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v275y2020ics030626192030845x.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Propane and iso-butane pre-cooled mixed refrigerant liquefaction process for small-scale skid-mounted natural gas liquefaction

Author

Listed:
  • Wang, Xucen
  • Li, Min
  • Cai, Liuxi
  • Li, Yun

Abstract

The development of a small skid-mounted natural gas liquefaction plant can economically, environmentally-friendly, and efficiently collect natural gas in mountainous areas where are not easy to lay pipelines. A propane and iso-butane pre-cooled mixed refrigerant liquefaction process (C3&C4-MR) is proposed in this paper. Compared with the propane pre-cooled mixed refrigerant liquefaction process, the improved liquefaction process can reduce system energy consumption and increase exergy efficiency greatly. Genetic algorithm is applied to optimize energy consumption of C3&C4-MR process. The optimized specific energy consumption STotal is 0.301 kW·h/kg, which is 18.0% lower than the optimized C3-MR process. And compared with the optimized R410a pre-cooled mixed refrigerant liquefaction process, STotal of C3&C4-MR process is 5.64% lower than that of R410a-MR process. Besides, mixed propane and isobutane as pre-coolant is easier to obtain from the feed gas. By analyzing the temperature sensitivity of mixed refrigerant and calculating the unit compression power consumption of a single refrigerant, the guidance and recommendations for mixed refrigerant ratio are summarized. Due to the property of iso-butane, the optimal percentage of iso-butane in the pre-coolant was analyzed. In conclusion, C3&C4-MR process is energy-saving and advanced in terms of system operating costs to recycle scattered natural gas in remote areas.

Suggested Citation

  • Wang, Xucen & Li, Min & Cai, Liuxi & Li, Yun, 2020. "Propane and iso-butane pre-cooled mixed refrigerant liquefaction process for small-scale skid-mounted natural gas liquefaction," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:275:y:2020:i:c:s030626192030845x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115333
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030626192030845X
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115333?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Cammarata, G. & Fichera, A. & Guglielmino, D., 2001. "Optimization of a liquefaction plant using genetic algorithms," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 68(1), pages 19-29, January.
    2. Aspelund, Audun & Gundersen, Truls, 2009. "A liquefied energy chain for transport and utilization of natural gas for power production with CO2 capture and storage - Part 2: The offshore and the onshore processes," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(6), pages 793-804, June.
    3. Lin, Wensheng & Zhang, Na & Gu, Anzhong, 2010. "LNG (liquefied natural gas): A necessary part in China's future energy infrastructure," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(11), pages 4383-4391.
    4. Khan, Mohd Shariq & Lee, Moonyong, 2013. "Design optimization of single mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction process using the particle swarm paradigm with nonlinear constraints," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 146-155.
    5. Kumar, Satish & Kwon, Hyouk-Tae & Choi, Kwang-Ho & Lim, Wonsub & Cho, Jae Hyun & Tak, Kyungjae & Moon, Il, 2011. "LNG: An eco-friendly cryogenic fuel for sustainable development," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(12), pages 4264-4273.
    6. Qyyum, Muhammad Abdul & He, Tianbiao & Qadeer, Kinza & Mao, Ning & Lee, Sanggyu & Lee, Moonyong, 2020. "Dual-effect single-mixed refrigeration cycle: An innovative alternative process for energy-efficient and cost-effective natural gas liquefaction," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).
    7. Shu, Gequn & Li, Xiaoning & Tian, Hua & Liang, Xingyu & Wei, Haiqiao & Wang, Xu, 2014. "Alkanes as working fluids for high-temperature exhaust heat recovery of diesel engine using organic Rankine cycle," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 204-217.
    8. Aspelund, Audun & Gundersen, Truls, 2009. "A liquefied energy chain for transport and utilization of natural gas for power production with CO2 capture and storage - Part 1," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(6), pages 781-792, June.
    9. He, T.B. & Ju, Y.L., 2014. "A novel process for small-scale pipeline natural gas liquefaction," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 17-24.
    10. He, Tianbiao & Liu, Zuming & Ju, Yonglin & Parvez, Ashak Mahmud, 2019. "A comprehensive optimization and comparison of modified single mixed refrigerant and parallel nitrogen expansion liquefaction process for small-scale mobile LNG plant," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 1-12.
    11. Khan, Mohd Shariq & Lee, Sanggyu & Rangaiah, G.P. & Lee, Moonyong, 2013. "Knowledge based decision making method for the selection of mixed refrigerant systems for energy efficient LNG processes," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 1018-1031.
    12. Li, Yongliang & Wang, Xiang & Ding, Yulong, 2012. "An optimal design methodology for large-scale gas liquefaction," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 484-490.
    13. Qyyum, Muhammad Abdul & Duong, Pham Luu Trung & Minh, Le Quang & Lee, Sanggyu & Lee, Moonyong, 2019. "Dual mixed refrigerant LNG process: Uncertainty quantification and dimensional reduction sensitivity analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 250(C), pages 1446-1456.
    14. Crow, Daniel J.G. & Giarola, Sara & Hawkes, Adam D., 2018. "A dynamic model of global natural gas supply," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C), pages 452-469.
    15. Song, Chang & Tan, Shuai & Qu, Fengcheng & Liu, Weidong & Wu, Yong, 2019. "Optimization of mixed refrigerant system for LNG processes through graphically reducing exergy destruction of cryogenic heat exchangers," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 200-206.
    16. Qyyum, Muhammad Abdul & Qadeer, Kinza & Minh, Le Quang & Haider, Junaid & Lee, Moonyong, 2019. "Nitrogen self-recuperation expansion-based process for offshore coproduction of liquefied natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, and pentane plus," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C), pages 247-257.
    17. Pospíšil, Jiří & Charvát, Pavel & Arsenyeva, Olga & Klimeš, Lubomír & Špiláček, Michal & Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír, 2019. "Energy demand of liquefaction and regasification of natural gas and the potential of LNG for operative thermal energy storage," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 1-15.
    18. Jiaqiang, E. & Zuo, Wei & Liu, Xueling & Peng, Qingguo & Deng, Yuanwang & Zhu, Hao, 2016. "Effects of inlet pressure on wall temperature and exergy efficiency of the micro-cylindrical combustor with a step," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 337-345.
    19. Visenescu, Ramona S., 2018. "Russian-ASEAN cooperation in the natural gas sector. Lessons from the Russian-Vietnamese relation," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 515-517.
    20. Palizdar, Ali & Ramezani, Talieh & Nargessi, Zahra & AmirAfshar, Saeedeh & Abbasi, Mojgan & Vatani, Ali, 2019. "Advanced exergoeconomic evaluation of a mini-scale nitrogen dual expander process for liquefaction of natural gas," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 542-557.
    21. Jiang, Zhiqiang & Ji, Changming & Qin, Hui & Feng, Zhongkai, 2018. "Multi-stage progressive optimality algorithm and its application in energy storage operation chart optimization of cascade reservoirs," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 309-323.
    22. He, Tianbiao & Ju, Yonglin, 2016. "Dynamic simulation of mixed refrigerant process for small-scale LNG plant in skid mount packages," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 350-358.
    23. Mortazavi, Amir & Somers, Christopher & Alabdulkarem, Abdullah & Hwang, Yunho & Radermacher, Reinhard, 2010. "Enhancement of APCI cycle efficiency with absorption chillers," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(9), pages 3877-3882.
    24. Mortazavi, Amir & Alabdulkarem, Abdullah & Hwang, Yunho & Radermacher, Reinhard, 2014. "Novel combined cycle configurations for propane pre-cooled mixed refrigerant (APCI) natural gas liquefaction cycle," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 76-86.
    25. Primabudi, Eko & Morosuk, Tatiana & Tsatsaronis, George, 2019. "Multi-objective optimization of propane pre-cooled mixed refrigerant (C3MR) LNG process," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 492-504.
    26. Aspelund, Audun & Tveit, Steinar P. & Gundersen, Truls, 2009. "A liquefied energy chain for transport and utilization of natural gas for power production with CO2 capture and storage - Part 3: The combined carrier and onshore storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(6), pages 805-814, June.
    27. Wu, Jitan & Ju, Yonglin, 2019. "Design and optimization of natural gas liquefaction process using brazed plate heat exchangers based on the modified single mixed refrigerant process," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 186(C).
    28. Aspelund, Audun & Gundersen, Truls, 2009. "A liquefied energy chain for transport and utilization of natural gas for power production with CO2 capture and storage - Part 4: Sensitivity analysis of transport pressures and benchmarking with conv," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(6), pages 815-825, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Jin, Chunhe & Lim, Youngsub & Xu, Xin, 2023. "Performance analysis of a boil-off gas re-liquefaction process for LNG carriers," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(C).
    2. Uwitonze, Hosanna & Chaniago, Yus Donald & Lim, Hankwon, 2022. "Novel integrated energy-efficient dual-effect single mixed refrigerant and NGLs recovery process for small-scale natural gas processing plant," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(PA).
    3. Zhang, Shouxin & Zou, Zimo & Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír & Varbanov, Petar Sabev & Shahzad, Khurram & Ali, Arshid Mahmood & Wang, Bo-Hong, 2023. "A new strategy for mixed refrigerant composition optimisation in the propane precooled mixed refrigerant natural gas liquefaction process," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 274(C).
    4. Wang, Chenghong & Shen, Qie & Zhang, Jie & Qiao, Xin & Yu, Hongyuan & Shen, Keyi & Sun, Daming, 2023. "Study on a coalbed methane liquefaction system based on thermoacoustic refrigeration method," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(PB).
    5. Jin, Chunhe & Yuan, Yilong & Son, Heechang & Lim, Youngsub, 2022. "Novel propane-free mixed refrigerant integrated with nitrogen expansion natural gas liquefaction process for offshore units," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PA).
    6. Son, Heechang & Austbø, Bjørn & Gundersen, Truls & Hwang, Jihyun & Lim, Youngsub, 2022. "Techno-economic versus energy optimization of natural gas liquefaction processes with different heat exchanger technologies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).
    7. Cao, Xuewen & Yang, Jian & Zhang, Yue & Gao, Song & Bian, Jiang, 2022. "Process optimization, exergy and economic analysis of boil-off gas re-liquefaction processes for LNG carriers," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C).
    8. Zhang, Qiang & Zhang, Ningqi & Zhu, Shengbo & Heydarian, Dariush, 2023. "Thermodynamic simulation and optimization of natural gas liquefaction cycle based on the common structure of organic rankine cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 264(C).
    9. Hong, Bingyuan & Cui, Xuemeng & Wang, Bohong & Fan, Di & Li, Xiaoping & Gong, Jing, 2022. "Long-term dynamic allocation and maintenance planning of modular equipment to enhance gas field production flexibility," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 252(C).
    10. Xu, Jingyuan & Hu, Jianying & Luo, Ercang & Hu, Jiangfeng & Zhang, Limin & Hochgreb, Simone, 2022. "Numerical study on a heat-driven piston-coupled multi-stage thermoacoustic-Stirling cooler," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 305(C).
    11. Bian, Jiang & Yang, Jian & Liu, Yang & Li, Yuxing & Cao, Xuewen, 2022. "Analysis and efficiency enhancement for energy-saving re-liquefaction processes of boil-off gas without external refrigeration cycle on LNG carriers," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PB).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ancona, M.A. & Bianchi, M. & Branchini, L. & De Pascale, A. & Melino, F. & Mormile, M. & Palella, M. & Scarponi, L.B., 2018. "Investigation on small-scale low pressure LNG production process," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C), pages 672-685.
    2. Baccanelli, Margaret & Langé, Stefano & Rocco, Matteo V. & Pellegrini, Laura A. & Colombo, Emanuela, 2016. "Low temperature techniques for natural gas purification and LNG production: An energy and exergy analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 546-559.
    3. Lei Gao & Jiaxin Wang & Maxime Binama & Qian Li & Weihua Cai, 2022. "The Design and Optimization of Natural Gas Liquefaction Processes: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-56, October.
    4. Khan, Mohd Shariq & Lee, Sanggyu & Rangaiah, G.P. & Lee, Moonyong, 2013. "Knowledge based decision making method for the selection of mixed refrigerant systems for energy efficient LNG processes," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 1018-1031.
    5. Kim, Juwon & Seo, Youngkyun & Chang, Daejun, 2016. "Economic evaluation of a new small-scale LNG supply chain using liquid nitrogen for natural-gas liquefaction," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 154-163.
    6. Muhammad Abdul Qyyum & Muhammad Yasin & Alam Nawaz & Tianbiao He & Wahid Ali & Junaid Haider & Kinza Qadeer & Abdul-Sattar Nizami & Konstantinos Moustakas & Moonyong Lee, 2020. "Single-Solution-Based Vortex Search Strategy for Optimal Design of Offshore and Onshore Natural Gas Liquefaction Processes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-22, April.
    7. Guo, Hao & Tang, Qixiong & Gong, Maoqiong & Cheng, Kuiwei, 2018. "Optimization of a novel liquefaction process based on Joule–Thomson cycle utilizing high-pressure natural gas exergy by genetic algorithm," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 696-706.
    8. Sadaghiani, Mirhadi S. & Siahvashi, Arman & Norris, Bruce W.E. & Al Ghafri, Saif Z.S. & Arami-Niya, Arash & May, Eric F., 2022. "Prediction of solid formation conditions in mixed refrigerants with iso-pentane and methane at high pressures and cryogenic temperatures," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 250(C).
    9. Qyyum, Muhammad Abdul & He, Tianbiao & Qadeer, Kinza & Mao, Ning & Lee, Sanggyu & Lee, Moonyong, 2020. "Dual-effect single-mixed refrigeration cycle: An innovative alternative process for energy-efficient and cost-effective natural gas liquefaction," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).
    10. Tak, Kyungjae & Choi, Jiwon & Ryu, Jun-Hyung & Moon, Il, 2020. "Sensitivity analysis of effects of design parameters and decision variables on optimization of natural gas liquefaction process," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C).
    11. Li, Gang & Li, Xiao-Sen & Yang, Bo & Duan, Li-Ping & Huang, Ning-Sheng & Zhang, Yu & Tang, Liang-Guang, 2013. "The use of dual horizontal wells in gas production from hydrate accumulations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 1303-1310.
    12. Qyyum, Muhammad Abdul & Ahmed, Faisal & Nawaz, Alam & He, Tianbiao & Lee, Moonyong, 2021. "Teaching-learning self-study approach for optimal retrofitting of dual mixed refrigerant LNG process: Energy and exergy perspective," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 298(C).
    13. Jin, Chunhe & Yuan, Yilong & Son, Heechang & Lim, Youngsub, 2022. "Novel propane-free mixed refrigerant integrated with nitrogen expansion natural gas liquefaction process for offshore units," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PA).
    14. He, Tianbiao & Mao, Ning & Liu, Zuming & Qyyum, Muhammad Abdul & Lee, Moonyong & Pravez, Ashak Mahmud, 2020. "Impact of mixed refrigerant selection on energy and exergy performance of natural gas liquefaction processes," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C).
    15. Li, Xiao-Sen & Yang, Bo & Zhang, Yu & Li, Gang & Duan, Li-Ping & Wang, Yi & Chen, Zhao-Yang & Huang, Ning-Sheng & Wu, Hui-Jie, 2012. "Experimental investigation into gas production from methane hydrate in sediment by depressurization in a novel pilot-scale hydrate simulator," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 722-732.
    16. Querol, E. & Gonzalez-Regueral, B. & García-Torrent, J. & Ramos, Alberto, 2011. "Available power generation cycles to be coupled with the liquid natural gas (LNG) vaporization process in a Spanish LNG terminal," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(7), pages 2382-2390, July.
    17. Obara, Shin'ya & Kikuchi, Yoshinobu & Ishikawa, Kyosuke & Kawai, Masahito & Yoshiaki, Kashiwaya, 2015. "Development of a compound energy system for cold region houses using small-scale natural gas cogeneration and a gas hydrate battery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 280-295.
    18. Chen, Wei-Hsin & Hou, Yu-Lin & Hung, Chen-I, 2011. "A theoretical analysis of the capture of greenhouse gases by single water droplet at atmospheric and elevated pressures," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(12), pages 5120-5130.
    19. Chi, Chung-Cheng & Lin, Ta-Hui, 2013. "Oxy-oil combustion characteristics of an existing furnace," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 923-930.
    20. Jordán, Pérez Sánchez & Javier Eduardo, Aguillón Martínez & Zdzislaw, Mazur Czerwiec & Alan Martín, Zavala Guzmán & Liborio, Huante Pérez & Jesús Antonio, Flores Zamudio & Mario Román, Díaz Guillén, 2019. "Techno-economic analysis of solar-assisted post-combustion carbon capture to a pilot cogeneration system in Mexico," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 1107-1119.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:275:y:2020:i:c:s030626192030845x. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.