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Advanced control approach for hybrid systems based on solid oxide fuel cells

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  • Ferrari, Mario L.

Abstract

This paper shows a new advanced control approach for operations in hybrid systems equipped with solid oxide fuel cell technology. This new tool, which combines feed-forward and standard proportional–integral techniques, controls the system during load changes avoiding failures and stress conditions detrimental to component life. This approach was selected to combine simplicity and good control performance. Moreover, the new approach presented in this paper eliminates the need for mass flow rate meters and other expensive probes, as usually required for a commercial plant. Compared to previous works, better performance is achieved in controlling fuel cell temperature (maximum gradient significantly lower than 3K/min), reducing the pressure gap between cathode and anode sides (at least a 30% decrease during transient operations), and generating a higher safe margin (at least a 10% increase) for the Steam-to-Carbon Ratio.

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  • Ferrari, Mario L., 2015. "Advanced control approach for hybrid systems based on solid oxide fuel cells," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 364-373.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:145:y:2015:i:c:p:364-373
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.02.059
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    Cited by:

    1. Choi, Wonjae & Kim, Jaehyun & Kim, Yongtae & Kim, Seonyeob & Oh, Sechul & Song, Han Ho, 2018. "Experimental study of homogeneous charge compression ignition engine operation fuelled by emulated solid oxide fuel cell anode off-gas," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C), pages 42-62.
    2. Singh, Surinder P. & Ohara, Brandon & Ku, Anthony Y., 2021. "Prospects for cost-competitive integrated gasification fuel cell systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    3. Chen, Jinwei & Hu, Zhenchao & Lu, Jinzhi & Zhang, Huisheng & Weng, Shilie, 2022. "A novel control strategy with an anode variable geometry ejector for a SOFC-GT hybrid system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(PA).
    4. Ferrari, M.L. & Cuneo, A. & Pascenti, M. & Traverso, A., 2017. "Real-time state of charge estimation in thermal storage vessels applied to a smart polygeneration grid," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 90-100.
    5. Cho, Mingyu & Kim, Yongtae & Ho Song, Han, 2022. "Solid oxide fuel cell–internal combustion engine hybrid system utilizing an internal combustion engine for anode off-gas recirculation, external reforming, and additional power generation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 328(C).
    6. Ferrari, M.L. & Pascenti, M. & Massardo, A.F., 2018. "Validated ejector model for hybrid system applications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 1106-1114.
    7. Wang, Xusheng & Lv, Xiaojing & Mi, Xicong & Spataru, Catalina & Weng, Yiwu, 2022. "Coordinated control approach for load following operation of SOFC-GT hybrid system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C).
    8. Choi, Wonjae & Kim, Jaehyun & Kim, Yongtae & Song, Han Ho, 2019. "Solid oxide fuel cell operation in a solid oxide fuel cell–internal combustion engine hybrid system and the design point performance of the hybrid system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    9. Zaccaria, V. & Tucker, D. & Traverso, A., 2017. "Operating strategies to minimize degradation in fuel cell gas turbine hybrids," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C), pages 437-445.
    10. Barelli, L. & Bidini, G. & Ottaviano, A., 2017. "Integration of SOFC/GT hybrid systems in Micro-Grids," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 716-728.
    11. Fardadi, Mahshid & McLarty, Dustin F. & Jabbari, Faryar, 2016. "Investigation of thermal control for different SOFC flow geometries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 43-55.
    12. Dehghan, Ali Reza & Fanaei, Mohammad Ali & Panahi, Mehdi, 2022. "Economic plantwide control of a hybrid solid oxide fuel cell - gas turbine system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 328(C).
    13. Othman, Ahmed M. & El-Fergany, Attia A., 2021. "Optimal dynamic operation and modeling of parallel connected multi-stacks fuel cells with improved slime mould algorithm," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 770-782.
    14. Ma, Rui & Liu, Chen & Breaz, Elena & Briois, Pascal & Gao, Fei, 2018. "Numerical stiffness study of multi-physical solid oxide fuel cell model for real-time simulation applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C), pages 570-581.
    15. Ferrari, Mario L. & Traverso, Alberto & Massardo, Aristide F., 2016. "Smart polygeneration grids: experimental performance curves of different prime movers," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 622-630.
    16. Zaccaria, V. & Tucker, D. & Traverso, A., 2016. "Transfer function development for SOFC/GT hybrid systems control using cold air bypass," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(C), pages 695-706.
    17. Damo, U.M. & Ferrari, M.L. & Turan, A. & Massardo, A.F., 2019. "Solid oxide fuel cell hybrid system: A detailed review of an environmentally clean and efficient source of energy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 235-246.
    18. Azizi, Mohammad Ali & Brouwer, Jacob, 2018. "Progress in solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power systems: System design and analysis, transient operation, controls and optimization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(C), pages 237-289.
    19. Kang, Sanggyu & Ahn, Kook-Young, 2017. "Dynamic modeling of solid oxide fuel cell and engine hybrid system for distributed power generation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 1086-1099.
    20. Cheng-Hao Yang & Shing-Cheng Chang & Yen-Hsin Chan & Wen-Sheng Chang, 2019. "A Dynamic Analysis of the Multi-Stack SOFC-CHP System for Power Modulation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-17, September.
    21. Baudoin, Sylvain & Vechiu, Ionel & Camblong, Haritza & Vinassa, Jean-Michel & Barelli, Linda, 2016. "Sizing and control of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell/Gas microTurbine hybrid power system using a unique inverter for rural microgrid integration," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 272-281.

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