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Environmental Taxation and Induced Structural Change in an Open Economy: The Role of Market Structure

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  • Böhringer Christoph
  • Welsch Heinz

    (University of Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heerstraße, Oldenburg, Germany)

  • Löschel Andreas

    (Centre for European Economic Research (ZEW), Mannheim, Germany)

Abstract

Studies of structural change induced by environmental taxation usually proceed in a perfect-competition framework and typically find structural change to be quite moderate under realistic emission reduction scenarios. By observing that some of the industries affected are likely to operate under imperfect rather than perfect competition, additional mechanisms emerge which may amplify structural change beyond the extent identified as yet. Especially, changes in economies of scale may arise which weaken or strengthen the competitive position of industries over and above the initial cost effect. Using a computable general equilibrium model for Germany to examine the effects of a unilaterally introduced carbon tax, we find that induced structural change is more pronounced under imperfect competition than under perfect competition. At the macroeconomic level, we find that aggregate losses in economies of scale are larger than aggregate gains, implying that the total costs of environmental regulation are higher under imperfect competition than under perfect competition.

Suggested Citation

  • Böhringer Christoph & Welsch Heinz & Löschel Andreas, 2008. "Environmental Taxation and Induced Structural Change in an Open Economy: The Role of Market Structure," German Economic Review, De Gruyter, vol. 9(1), pages 17-40, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:bpj:germec:v:9:y:2008:i:1:p:17-40
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0475.2008.00421.x
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    Cited by:

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    2. Proença, Sara & St. Aubyn, Miguel, 2013. "Hybrid modeling to support energy-climate policy: Effects of feed-in tariffs to promote renewable energy in Portugal," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 176-185.
    3. Rakotoarisoa, Manitra A., 2011. "A Contribution to the Analyses of the Effects of Foreign Agricultural Investment on the Food Sector and Trade in Sub-Saharan Africa," Conference papers 332037, Purdue University, Center for Global Trade Analysis, Global Trade Analysis Project.
    4. Anton Orlov & Harald Grethe, 2012. "Carbon Taxation in Russia: Relevance of Export Taxes on Energy Resources," EcoMod2012 4117, EcoMod.
    5. Orlov, Anton & Grethe, Harald, 2012. "Carbon taxation and market structure: A CGE analysis for Russia," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 696-707.
    6. Böhringer, Christoph & Garcia-Muros, Xaquin & Cazcarro, Ignacio & Arto, Iñaki, 2017. "The efficiency cost of protective measures in climate policy," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 446-454.
    7. Böhringer, Christoph & Keller, Andreas & van der Werf, Edwin, 2013. "Are green hopes too rosy? Employment and welfare impacts of renewable energy promotion," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 277-285.
    8. Florian Habermacher, 2015. "Carbon Leakage: A Medium- and Long-Term View," CESifo Working Paper Series 5216, CESifo.
    9. Kenneth A. Castellanos & Garth Heutel, 2019. "Unemployment, Labor Mobility, and Climate Policy," NBER Working Papers 25797, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    10. Miriam Frey, 2017. "Assessing the impact of a carbon tax in Ukraine," Climate Policy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 17(3), pages 378-396, April.
    11. Orlov, Anton & Grethe, Harald & McDonald, Scott, 2013. "Carbon taxation in Russia: Prospects for a double dividend and improved energy efficiency," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 37(C), pages 128-140.

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