inter alia related to the type of modelling approach. Technical issues such as publication bias and quality of the estimates are addressed as well. Copyright Blackwell Publishers Ltd, 2005.">

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A Meta-Analytic Assessment of the Effect of Immigration on Wages

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Author Info
Simonetta Longhi
Peter Nijkamp
Jacques Poot

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Abstract

In our increasingly interconnected and open world, international migration is becoming an important socioeconomic phenomenon for many countries. Since the early 1980s, many studies about the impact of immigration on host labour markets have been undertaken. Borjas "2003, The labor demand curve is downward sloping: reexamining the impact of immigration on the labor market. Quarterly Journal of Economics 118"4": 1335-1374" noted that the estimated effect of immigration on the wage of native workers varies widely from study to study and sometimes even within the same study. In addition, these effects cluster around zero. Such a small effect is a rather surprising outcome, given that in a closed competitive labour market an increase in labour supply may be expected to exert a downward pressure on wages. We revisit this issue by applying meta-analytic techniques to a set of 18 papers, which altogether generated 348 estimates of the percentage change in the wage of a native worker with respect to a 1 percentage point increase in the ratio of immigrants over native workers. While many studies in our database employ US data, estimates are also obtained from Germany, The Netherlands, France, Norway, Austria, Israel and Australia. Our analysis shows that results vary across countries and are inter alia related to the type of modelling approach. Technical issues such as publication bias and quality of the estimates are addressed as well. Copyright Blackwell Publishers Ltd, 2005.

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Article provided by Blackwell Publishing in its journal Journal of Economic Surveys.

Volume (Year): 19 (2005)
Issue (Month): 3 (07)
Pages: 451-477
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Handle: RePEc:bla:jecsur:v:19:y:2005:i:3:p:451-477

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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Thomas Bauer, 1998. "Do Immigrants Reduce Natives' Wages? Evidence from Germany," Departmental Working Papers 199802, Rutgers University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  2. David Card & John DiNardo, 2000. "Do Immigrant Inflows Lead to Native Outflows?," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 90(2), pages 360-367, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  3. Hartog, Joop & Zorlu, Aslan, 2002. "The Effect of Immigration on Wages in Three European Countries," IZA Discussion Papers 642, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  4. Winter-Ebmer, Rudolf & Zimmermann, Klaus F., 1998. "East-West Trade and Migration: The Austro-German Case," IZA Discussion Papers 02, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
  5. Doucouliagos, Chris, 1997. "The Aggregate Demand for Labour in Australia: A Meta-analysis," Australian Economic Papers, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 36(69), pages 224-42, December.
  6. Finis Welch, 1979. "Effects of Cohort Size on Earnings: The Baby Boom Babies' Financial Bust," UCLA Economics Working Papers 146, UCLA Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  7. Rachel M. Friedberg & J. Hunt, 1995. "The Impact of Immigrants on Host Country Wages, Employment and Growth," Working Papers 95-5, Brown University, Department of Economics.
    Other versions:
  8. Orley Ashenfelter & Colm Harmon & Hessel Oosterbeek, 1999. "A Review of Estimates of the Schooling/Earnings Relationship, with Tests for Publication Bias," Working Papers 804, Princeton University, Department of Economics, Industrial Relations Section.. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  9. George J. Borjas & Richard B. Freeman & Lawrence F. Katz, 1996. "Searching for the Effect of Immigration on the Labor Market," NBER Working Papers 5454, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  10. Card, David & Krueger, Alan B, 1995. "Time-Series Minimum-Wage Studies: A Meta-analysis," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 85(2), pages 238-43, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  11. George J. Borjas, 2003. "The Labor Demand Curve Is Downward Sloping: Reexamining The Impact Of Immigration On The Labor Market," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT Press, vol. 118(4), pages 1335-1374, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  12. Rachel M. Friedberg, 2001. "The Impact Of Mass Migration On The Israeli Labor Market," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT Press, vol. 116(4), pages 1373-1408, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  13. Neumark, David & Wascher, William, 1998. "Is the Time-Series Evidence on Minimum Wage Effects Contaminated by Publication Bias?," Economic Inquiry, Oxford University Press, vol. 36(3), pages 458-70, July.
    Other versions:
  14. Florax, R.J.G.M., 2002. "Accounting for dependence among study results in Meta-Analysis: methodology and applications to the valuation and use of natural resources," Serie Research Memoranda 0005, Free University Amsterdam, Faculty of Economics, Business Administration and Econometrics. [Downloadable!]
  15. Winter-Ebmer, Rudolf & Zweimuller, Josef, 1996. "Immigration and the Earnings of Young Native Workers," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 48(3), pages 473-91, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  16. Woodward, Richard T. & Wui, Yong-Suhk, 2001. "The economic value of wetland services: a meta-analysis," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 37(2), pages 257-270, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  19. Helmut Hofer & Peter Huber, 2003. "Wage and Mobility Effects of Trade and Migration on the Austrian Labour Market," Empirica, Springer, vol. 30(2), pages 107-125, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  20. Welch, Finis, 1979. "Effects of Cohort Size on Earnings: The Baby Boom Babies' Financial Bust," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 87(5), pages S65-97, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  21. David Card, 1990. "The impact of the Mariel boatlift on the Miami labor market," Industrial and Labor Relations Review, ILR Review, ILR School, Cornell University, vol. 43(2), pages 245-257, January.
  22. Roberto Pedace, 1998. "The Impact of Immigration on the Labor Market for Native-Born Workers: Incorporating the Dynamics of Internal Migration," Eastern Economic Journal, Eastern Economic Association, vol. 24(4), pages 449-462, Fall. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  23. Grossman, Jean Baldwin, 1982. "The Substitutability of Natives and Immigrants in Production," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 64(4), pages 596-603, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  25. Peter Nijkamp & Jacques Poot, 2005. "The Last Word on the Wage Curve?," Journal of Economic Surveys, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 19(3), pages 421-450, 07. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  26. Greenwood, Michael J. & Hunt, Gary L. & Kohli, Ulrich, 1997. "The factor-market consequences of unskilled immigration to the United States," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 4(1), pages 1-28, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
Full references

Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Sarah Hillcoat-Nallétamby & Sandra Baxendine, 2005. "The ‘Ins and Outs’ of Work – Diversity or Homogeneity in New Zealand Women’s Employment Patterns?," Population Studies Centre Discussion Papers dp-49, University of Waikato, Population Studies Centre. [Downloadable!]
  2. Simonetta Longhi & Peter Nijkamp & Jacques Poot, 2006. "The Impact of Immigration on the Employment of Natives in Regional Labour Markets: A Meta-Analysis," IZA Discussion Papers 2044, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
  3. Ian Pool & Sandra Baxendine & William Cochrane & James Lindop, 2006. "New Zealand Regions, 1986-2001: Labour Market Aspects of Human Capital," Population Studies Centre Discussion Papers dp-60, University of Waikato, Population Studies Centre. [Downloadable!]
  4. Jacques Poot & Lynda Sanderson, 2007. "Changes in Social Security Eligibility and the International Mobility of New Zealand Citizens in Australia," Population Studies Centre Discussion Papers dp-65, University of Waikato, Population Studies Centre. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  5. Ian Pool & Sandra Baxendine & William Cochrane & James Lindop, 2005. "New Zealand Regions, 1986-2001: Population Geography," Population Studies Centre Discussion Papers dp-54, University of Waikato, Population Studies Centre. [Downloadable!]
  6. Sandra Baxendine & Bill Cochrane & Jacques Poot, 2005. "Demographic Change and Transport Needs in the Waikato Region," Population Studies Centre Discussion Papers dp-51, University of Waikato, Population Studies Centre. [Downloadable!]
  7. Ian Pool & Sandra Baxendine & William Cochrane & James Lindop, 2005. "New Zealand Regions, 1986-2001: Education and Qualifications," Population Studies Centre Discussion Papers dp-56, University of Waikato, Population Studies Centre. [Downloadable!]
  8. Ian Pool & Sandra Baxendine & William Cochrane & James Lindop, 2005. "New Zealand Regions, 1986-2001: Households and families, and their dwellings," Population Studies Centre Discussion Papers dp-55, University of Waikato, Population Studies Centre. [Downloadable!]
  9. Ian Pool & Sandra Baxendine & William Cochrane & James Lindop, 2005. "New Zealand Regions, 1986-2001: Population Structures," Population Studies Centre Discussion Papers dp-53, University of Waikato, Population Studies Centre. [Downloadable!]
  10. Simonetta Longhi & Peter Nijkamp & Jacques Poot, 2006. "The Fallacy of “Job Robbing”: A Meta-Analysis of Estimates of the Effect of Immigration on Employment," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 06-050/3, Tinbergen Institute. [Downloadable!]
  11. Steven Stillman & David C. Maré, 2007. "The Impact of Immigration on the Geographic Mobility of New Zealanders," Working Papers 07_05, Motu Economic and Public Policy Research. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  12. repec:ese:iserwp: is not listed on IDEAS
  13. Jacques Poot & Bill Cochrane, 2005. "Measuring the Economic Impact of Immigration: A Scoping Paper," Population Studies Centre Discussion Papers dp-48, University of Waikato, Population Studies Centre. [Downloadable!]
  14. Victoria Chorny, & Rob Euwals & Kees Folmer, 2007. "Immigration Policy and Welfare State Design," CPB Documents 153, CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis. [Downloadable!]
  15. Ian Pool & Sandra Baxendine & William Cochrane & James Lindop, 2005. "New Zealand Regions, 1986-2001: Population Dynamics," Population Studies Centre Discussion Papers dp-52, University of Waikato, Population Studies Centre. [Downloadable!]
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