IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/ags/ijameu/199358.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Production constraints and their causes in the cacao Industry in West Sumatra: from the farmers’ perspective

Author

Listed:
  • Sefriadi, Hasnah
  • Villano, Renato
  • Fleming, Euan
  • Patrick, Ian

Abstract

We use structural equation modelling to conduct a path analysis for cacao production in West Sumatra, Indonesia, quantifying the main constraints identified by farmers attempting to increase their incomes. Stakeholders in a workshop identified low yield of cacao trees and low quality of cacao beans as the two main production constraints, which are the focus of this study. Farm-level data from 100 smallholders were analysed to describe and estimate the dependencies between various factors and their relationship to farmers’ income. Five variables – source of cacao seedlings, expenditure on pest and disease management, expenditure on fertilizer, frequency of pruning, and pest and disease attack – were hypothesized to influence the yield of cacao trees. Yet farmers considered only fertilizer expenditure to have the expected positive influence. They considered lack of capital to be a critical factor indirectly impeding fertilizing practices. Expectations that farmers would perceive that the quality of their cacao beans and their ability to bargain would affect the price they received proved incorrect.

Suggested Citation

  • Sefriadi, Hasnah & Villano, Renato & Fleming, Euan & Patrick, Ian, 2013. "Production constraints and their causes in the cacao Industry in West Sumatra: from the farmers’ perspective," International Journal of Agricultural Management, Institute of Agricultural Management, vol. 3(1), pages 1-13, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:ijameu:199358
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.199358
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/199358/files/30_Villano-Fleming.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.22004/ag.econ.199358?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dorward, Andrew & Fan, Shenggen & Kydd, Jonathan & Lofgren, Hans & Morrison, Jamie & Poulton, Colin & Rao, Neetha & Smith, Laurence & Tchale, Hardwick & Thorat, Sukhadeo & Urey, Ian & Wobst, Peter, 2004. "Institutions and economic policies for pro-poor agricultural growth," DSGD discussion papers 15, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    2. Cziraky, Dario & Sambt, Joze & Rovan, Joze & Puljiz, Jaksa, 2006. "Regional development assessment: A structural equation approach," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 174(1), pages 427-442, October.
    3. Andrew Dorward & Shenggen Fan & Jonathan Kydd & Hans Lofgren & Jamie Morrison & Colin Poulton & Neetha Rao & Laurence Smith & Hardwick Tchale & Sukhadeo Thorat & Ian Urey & Peter Wobst, 2004. "Institutions and Policies for Pro-poor Agricultural Growth," Development Policy Review, Overseas Development Institute, vol. 22(6), pages 611-622, November.
    4. Grimble, Robin & Wellard, Kate, 1997. "Stakeholder methodologies in natural resource management: a review of principles, contexts, experiences and opportunities," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 55(2), pages 173-193, October.
    5. Rajdeep Grewal & Joseph A. Cote & Hans Baumgartner, 2004. "Multicollinearity and Measurement Error in Structural Equation Models: Implications for Theory Testing," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 23(4), pages 519-529, June.
    6. Takamasa Akiyama & Akihiko Nishio, 1997. "Sulawesi's Cocoa Boom: Lessons of Smallholder Dynamism and a Hands-Off Policy," Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 33(2), pages 97-121.
    7. Bayard, Budry & Jolly, Curtis, 2007. "Environmental behavior structure and socio-economic conditions of hillside farmers: A multiple-group structural equation modeling approach," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 62(3-4), pages 433-440, May.
    8. Vanessa Hunn & Claudia Heath, 2011. "Path Analysis of Welfare Use: Depression as a Mediating Factor," Journal of Family and Economic Issues, Springer, vol. 32(2), pages 341-355, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Shephard Siziba & Kefasi Nyikahadzoi & Joachim Binam Nyemeck & Aliou Diagne & Adekunle Adewale & Fatunbi Oluwole, 2013. "Estimating the impact of innovation systems on maize yields: the case of Iar4d in southern Africa," Agrekon, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 52(3), pages 83-100, September.
    2. Leakey, Roger & Kranjac-Berisavljevic, Gordana & Caron, Patrick & Craufurd, Peter & Martin, Adrienne M. & McDonald, Andy & Abedini, Walter & Afiff, Suraya & Bakurin, Ndey & Bass, Steve & Hilbeck, Ange, 2009. "Impacts of AKST on development and sustainability goals," Book Chapters,, International Water Management Institute.
    3. Bolwig, Simon & Gibbon, Peter & Jones, Sam, 2009. "The Economics of Smallholder Organic Contract Farming in Tropical Africa," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 37(6), pages 1094-1104, June.
    4. Diao, Xinshen & Hazell, Peter & Resnick, Danielle & Thurlow, James, 2006. "The role of agriculture in development: implications for Sub-Saharan Africa," DSGD discussion papers 29, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    5. Birner, Regina & Resnick, Danielle, 2010. "The Political Economy of Policies for Smallholder Agriculture," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 38(10), pages 1442-1452, October.
    6. Green, Erik & Hillbom, Ellen & Lindgren, Mattias, 2011. "Principal Trends and Debates in African Agricultural Development," MPRA Paper 92547, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    7. Spielman, David J. & Byerlee, Derek & Alemu, Dawit & Kelemework, Dawit, 2010. "Policies to promote cereal intensification in Ethiopia: The search for appropriate public and private roles," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 185-194, June.
    8. Shiferaw, Bekele & Obare, Gideon & Muricho, Geoffrey, 2006. "Rural institutions and producer organizations in imperfect markets: experiences from producer marketing groups in semi-arid eastern Kenya," CAPRi working papers 60, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    9. Gea D.M. Wijers, 2019. "A comparison of cooperative ecosystems: what institutions can bring transformation?," Review of Applied Socio-Economic Research, Pro Global Science Association, vol. 18(2), pages 146-159, December.
    10. Alemu, Abebe Ejigu, 2016. "Determinants Of Smallholders’ Preference To Hybrids – Prospect For Upgrading To High-Value Food Chains," Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development, University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland, vol. 41(3).
    11. Harshana PVS, 2019. "Analysis of Satisfaction of Small Cucumber Contract Famers in Predominantly Agriculture areas in Sri Lanka," Annals of Social Sciences & Management studies, Juniper Publishers Inc., vol. 2(4), pages 92-99, January.
    12. Abate, Gashaw Tadesse & Rashid, Shahidur & Borzaga, Carlos & Getnet, Kindie, 2015. "Rural finance and agricultural technology adoption in Ethiopia: Does institutional design matter?:," IFPRI discussion papers 1422, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    13. Schiesari, Carolina & Mockshell, Jonathan & Zeller, Manfred, 2016. "Farm input subsidy program in Malawi: the rationale behind the policy," MPRA Paper 81409, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2017.
    14. Wanjala, Bernadette, 2016. "Can the big push approach end rural poverty in Africa? : Insights from Sauri millennium village in Kenya," Other publications TiSEM 5a686b22-6749-4e9e-8bf4-4, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    15. Meliko, Majory O. & Phinea, K. Chauke & Oni, Stephen A., 2010. "The Efficiency of Small-Scale Agriculture in Limpopo Province of South Africa," 2010 AAAE Third Conference/AEASA 48th Conference, September 19-23, 2010, Cape Town, South Africa 96801, African Association of Agricultural Economists (AAAE).
    16. Byerlee, Derek & Spielman, David J. & Alemu, Dawit & Gautam, Madhur, 2007. "Policies to promote cereal intensification in Ethiopia: A review of evidence and experience," IFPRI discussion papers 707, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    17. Christian Otchia, 2014. "Agricultural Modernization, Structural Change and Pro-poor Growth: Policy Options for the Democratic Republic of Congo," Journal of Economic Structures, Springer;Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS), vol. 3(1), pages 1-43, December.
    18. Hazell, Peter & Poulton, Colin & Wiggins, Steve & Dorward, Andrew, 2010. "The Future of Small Farms: Trajectories and Policy Priorities," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 38(10), pages 1349-1361, October.
    19. Ulimwengu, John & Sanyal, Prabuddha, 2011. "Using a spatial growth model to provide evidence of agricultural spillovers between countries in the NEPAD CAADP Framework:," IFPRI discussion papers 1069, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    20. Spielman, David J. & Mekonnen, Dawit Kelemework & Alemu, Dawit, 2012. "Seed, fertilizer, and agricultural extension in Ethiopia," IFPRI book chapters, in: Dorosh, Paul A. & Rashid, Shahidur (ed.), Food and agriculture in Ethiopia: Progress and policy challenges, chapter 4, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ags:ijameu:199358. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: AgEcon Search (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/ifmaaea.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.