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Missing in Action: Teacher and Health Worker Absence in Developing Countries

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Author Info
Nazmul Chaudhury
Jeffrey Hammer
Michael Kremer
Karthik Muralidharan
F. Halsey Rogers

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Abstract

In this paper, we report results from surveys in which enumerators made unannounced visits to primary schools and health clinics in Bangladesh, Ecuador, India, Indonesia, Peru and Uganda and recorded whether they found teachers and health workers in the facilities. Averaging across the countries, about 19 percent of teachers and 35 percent of health workers were absent. The survey focused on whether providers were present in their facilities, but since many providers who were at their facilities were not working, even these figures may present too favorable a picture. For example, in India, one-quarter of government primary school teachers were absent from school, but only about one-half of the teachers were actually teaching when enumerators arrived at the schools. We will provide background on education and health care systems in developing; analyze the high absence rates across sectors and countries; investigate the correlates, efficiency, and political economy of teacher and health worker absence; and consider implications for policy.

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File URL: http://www.aeaweb.org/articles/issue_detail.php?journal=JEP&volume=20&issue=1&issue_date=Winter%202006
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Publisher Info
Article provided by American Economic Association in its journal Journal of Economic Perspectives.

Volume (Year): 20 (2006)
Issue (Month): 1 (Winter)
Pages: 91-116
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Handle: RePEc:aea:jecper:v:20:y:2006:i:1:p:91-116

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  1. Björkman, Martina & Reinikka, Ritva & Svensson, Jakob, 2006. "Local Accountability," Seminar Papers 749, Stockholm University, Institute for International Economic Studies. [Downloadable!]
  2. Bjorkman, Martina & Svensson, Jakob, 2007. "Power to the people : evidence from a randomized field experiment of a community-based monitoring project in Uganda," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4268, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
  3. Arvind Virmani, 2006. "Poverty and Hunger in India: What is Needed to Eliminate Them," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 45(2), pages 241-259. [Downloadable!]
  4. David M. Cutler & Angus S. Deaton & Adriana Lleras-Muney, 2006. "The Determinants of Mortality," NBER Working Papers 11963, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  5. Garima Malik, 2006. "An Examination of the relationship between Health and Economic Growth," Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations, New Delhi Working Papers 185, Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations, New Delhi, India. [Downloadable!]
  6. Sarmistha Pal, 2008. "Public Infrastructure, Location of Private Schools and Quality of Schooling in an Emerging Economy," CEDI Discussion Paper Series 08-05, Centre for Economic Development and Institutions(CEDI), Brunel University. [Downloadable!]
  7. Masayuki Kudamatsu, 2007. "Has Democratization Reduced Infant Mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa? Evidence from Micro Data," ISER Discussion Paper 0685, Institute of Social and Economic Research, Osaka University. [Downloadable!]
  8. Pushkar Maitra & Sarmistha Pal, 2007. "Early Childbirth, Health Inputs and Child Mortality: Recent Evidence from Bangladesh," CEDI Discussion Paper Series 07-05, Centre for Economic Development and Institutions(CEDI), Brunel University. [Downloadable!]
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  9. Singh, Nirvikar, 2008. "Decentralization and Public Delivery of Health Care Services in India," MPRA Paper 7869, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
  10. Orazem, Peter, 2006. "Lack of Education," Staff General Research Papers 12671, Iowa State University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  11. Charles T. Clotfelter & Helen F. Ladd & Jacob L. Vigdor, 2007. "Are Teacher Absences Worth Worrying About in the U.S.?," NBER Working Papers 13648, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  12. Abhijit Banerjee, 2008. "What is Middle Class About the Middle Classes Around the World?," Working Papers id:1363, esocialsciences.com. [Downloadable!]
  13. Orazem, Peter & King, Elizabeth M, 2007. "Schooling in Developing Countries: The Roles of Supply, Demand and Government Policy," Staff General Research Papers 12838, Iowa State University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
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  14. Rogers, F. Halsey & Vegas, Emiliana, 2009. "No more cutting class ? reducing teacher absence and providing incentives for performance," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4847, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
  15. Arvind Virmani, 2005. "Policy regimes, growth and poverty in India : Lessons of government failure and entrepreneurial success," Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations, New Delhi Working Papers 170, Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations, New Delhi, India. [Downloadable!]
  16. Singh, Nirvikar, 2007. "Fiscal Federalism and Decentralization in India," MPRA Paper 1447, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
  17. Alejandra Mizala & Pilar Romaguera & Miguel Urquiola, 2006. "Socioeconomic status or noise? Tradeoffs in the generation of school quality information," Documentos de Trabajo 225, Centro de Economía Aplicada, Universidad de Chile. [Downloadable!]
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  18. Orazem, Peter & Glewwe, Paul & Patrinos, Harry, 2007. "The Benefits and Costs of Alternative Strategies to Improve Educational Outcomes," Staff General Research Papers 12853, Iowa State University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  19. Angus Deaton & Alan Heston, 2008. "Understanding PPPs and PPP-based national accounts," NBER Working Papers 14499, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  20. Björkman, Martina & Svensson, Jakob, 2007. "Power to the People: Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment of a Community-Based Monitoring Project in Uganda," CEPR Discussion Papers 6344, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  21. Anonymous, 2006. "An Examination of the Relationship between Health and Economic Growth," Working Papers id:738, esocialsciences.com. [Downloadable!]
  22. Singh, Nirvikar, 2006. "ICTs and rural development in India," MPRA Paper 1274, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
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