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FDI in Small Countries: the Baltic States

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  • Gabor Hunya

    (The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw)

Abstract

Analysing the evolution and determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, this paper argues that sound economic policies have created an environment conducive for FDI. Overall, FDI has contributed to economic growth in the Baltic economies, having financed around one-fifth of fixed investment. However, their small size makes the Baltic countries relatively less attractive for market-seeking FDI in manufacturing. Moreover, at the outset of transition, their economies were dominated by relatively uncompetitive low-technology industries, which made them less interesting for manufacturing-based export-oriented FDI. Thus, FDI largely went to relatively low-technology sectors, such as wood processing and food, and it has not helped radically transform the structure of the manufacturing sector. A major part of FDI went into services, including banking and telecommunications, contributing to increasing efficiency in the whole economy.

Suggested Citation

  • Gabor Hunya, 2004. "FDI in Small Countries: the Baltic States," wiiw Research Reports 307, The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw.
    • Handle: RePEc:wii:rpaper:rr:307
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    File URL: https://wiiw.ac.at/fdi-in-small-countries-the-baltic-states-dlp-277.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Vladimir Gligorov, 2004. "Debt Sustainability and Growth in Croatia," wiiw Research Reports 306, The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw.
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    Cited by:

    1. Andrzej Cieślik & Oleg Gurshev, 2021. "Factor Endowments, Economic Integration, Round-Tripping, and Inward FDI: Evidence from the Baltic Economies," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-26, July.
    2. Alexakis, Panayotis D. & Kenourgios, Dimitris & Dimitriou, Dimitrios, 2016. "On emerging stock market contagion: The Baltic region," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 312-321.
    3. World Bank, 2005. "Lithuania : Investment Climate Assessment," World Bank Publications - Reports 8568, The World Bank Group.
    4. Gulcin Elif Yucel, 2014. "FDI and Economic Growth: The Case of Baltic Countries," Research in World Economy, Research in World Economy, Sciedu Press, vol. 5(2), pages 115-134, September.
    5. ArÅ«nas Burinskas & ArÅ«nas Burinskas & Rasmus Bøgh Holmen & Manuela TvaronaviÄ ienÄ— & AgnÄ— Å imelytÄ— & Kristina RazminienÄ—, 2021. "FDI, technology & knowledge transfer from Nordic to Baltic countries," Insights into Regional Development, VsI Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Center, vol. 3(3), pages 31-55, September.
    6. Arūnas Burinskas & Rasmus Bøgh Holmen & Manuela Tvaronavičienė & Agnė Šimelytė & Kristina Razminienė, 2021. "FDI, technology & knowledge transfer from Nordic to Baltic countries," Post-Print hal-03583969, HAL.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • F21 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements
    • P33 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions - - - International Trade, Finance, Investment, Relations, and Aid
    • O24 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Development Planning and Policy - - - Trade Policy; Factor Movement; Foreign Exchange Policy
    • O52 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Europe

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