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Regolazione dei prezzi o razionamento: l'efficacia dei due sistemi di allocazione nella fornitura di risorse scarse a coloro che ne hanno maggiore necessita'.

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  • Di Novi, Cinzia

Abstract

Usando un semplice modello formale, dovuto a Martin Weitzman, questo paper analizza sotto quali condizioni il sistema dei prezzi sia piu' efficace del sistema di razionamento, nel fornire un determinato bene, presente in quantita' scarsa, a coloro che ne hanno una maggiore necessita' , in presenza di informazione incompleta. La risposta dipende dalla distribuzione dei bisogni e dalla distribuzione del reddito. Il sistema dei prezzi gode di un grande vantaggio comparato, nel fornire un bene scarso e nel raggiungere i piu' bisognosi, quando nella societa' la distribuzione dei bisogni e' molto dispersa e la distribuzione del reddito e' pressoche' egalitaria. Invece, il razionamento risulta essere piu' efficace quando i bisogni sono uniformi ma vi e' una forte ineguaglianza nella distribuzione del reddito. Rielaborando tale modello, inoltre, e' possibile dimostrare che in presenza di una funzione cubica di perdita di efficacia, il vantaggio comparato di un sistema sull'altro dipende dall'asimmetria della distribuzione del reddito. Si mostra, infine, come il meccanismo di razionamento mediante coda possa rappresentare una possibile soluzione al problema dell'informazione incompleta..

Suggested Citation

  • Di Novi, Cinzia, 2003. "Regolazione dei prezzi o razionamento: l'efficacia dei due sistemi di allocazione nella fornitura di risorse scarse a coloro che ne hanno maggiore necessita'.," POLIS Working Papers 35, Institute of Public Policy and Public Choice - POLIS.
  • Handle: RePEc:uca:ucapdv:35
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • D61 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Allocative Efficiency; Cost-Benefit Analysis
    • D82 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Asymmetric and Private Information; Mechanism Design

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