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Combattre les inégalités entre les femmes et les hommes: Idées simples, réalités complexes

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  • Françoise Milewski

    (Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques)

Abstract

La définition des politiques publiques destinées à favoriser l’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes, qu’elles se situent au niveau national ou européen, suppose que soit discutée la cohérence des objectifs et leur articulation. Elle suppose aussi que soit tracé le lien avec les évolutions du marché du travail et de la protection sociale. L’objet de cet article est de poser quelques questions sur ces relations, à partir d’un rappel des objectifs européens et d’une analyse des évolutions récentes de l’insertion des femmes sur le marché du travail, qui met en lumière les évolutions contrastées de ces dernières années. Si les objectifs sont simples à définir — promouvoir l’égalité —, l’agencement des politiques publiques révèle certaines contradictions, tant en Europe qu’en France, et soulève des difficultés qui ne sont pas toujours faciles à résoudre. Entre l’écueil qui consisterait à diluer la lutte contre les inégalités entre les hommes et les femmes dans celle qui concerne l’ensemble des relations sociales — par exemple en combattant la précarité en général, sans comprendre que la précarité des femmes a des causes globales et des causes spécifiques — et l’écueil qui limiterait l’action à des objectifs immédiats sans s’attaquer aux causes profondes, les politiques publiques en faveur de l’égalité méritent encore d’être débattues.

Suggested Citation

  • Françoise Milewski, 2007. "Combattre les inégalités entre les femmes et les hommes: Idées simples, réalités complexes," Sciences Po publications info:hdl:2441/5l6uh8ogmqi, Sciences Po.
  • Handle: RePEc:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/5l6uh8ogmqildh09h52b5a494
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Inégalités; Genre; Politiques publiques; Marché du travail; Protection sociale;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D63 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
    • I3 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
    • J71 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Discrimination - - - Hiring and Firing
    • J78 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Discrimination - - - Public Policy (including comparable worth)

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